https://sourcescore.org/claims/ Signed, sourced, citable AI/ML claims. Each item has 2+ primary sources and an HMAC-SHA256 signature. New claims are added regularly; subscribe to follow. en-US Fri, 26 Jun 2026 12:12:17 GMT scripts/generate-claims-rss.mjs https://sourcescore.org/claims/ad17e76a8baad7a1/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ad17e76a8baad7a1/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Transformer architecture introduced in paper: Attention Is All You Need (Vaswani et al., 2017). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ad17e76a8baad7a1.json. transformer, attention, foundational, vaswani, 2017, nips https://sourcescore.org/claims/67866330cd60e54d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/67866330cd60e54d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) introduced in paper: Deep Reinforcement Learning from Human Preferences (Christiano et al., 2017). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/67866330cd60e54d.json. rlhf, alignment, foundational, christiano, 2017, nips https://sourcescore.org/claims/d15057ced937a103/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d15057ced937a103/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) introduced in paper: Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks (Lewis et al., 2020). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d15057ced937a103.json. rag, retrieval, foundational, lewis, 2020, nips, facebook https://sourcescore.org/claims/d7b97d1b93d8d8bc/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d7b97d1b93d8d8bc/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) introduced in paper: LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models (Hu et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d7b97d1b93d8d8bc.json. lora, fine-tuning, foundational, hu, 2021, microsoft https://sourcescore.org/claims/a3e691683a4577af/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a3e691683a4577af/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) introduced in paper: Direct Preference Optimization: Your Language Model is Secretly a Reward Model (Rafailov et al., 2023). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a3e691683a4577af.json. dpo, alignment, foundational, rafailov, 2023, nips, stanford https://sourcescore.org/claims/ba1eb83c14795107/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ba1eb83c14795107/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Constitutional AI (CAI) introduced in paper: Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback (Bai et al., 2022). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ba1eb83c14795107.json. constitutional-ai, alignment, anthropic, 2022, bai https://sourcescore.org/claims/5da8f8dffc038b8e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/5da8f8dffc038b8e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT InstructGPT methodology introduced in paper: Training language models to follow instructions with human feedback (Ouyang et al., 2022). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/5da8f8dffc038b8e.json. instructgpt, alignment, openai, 2022, ouyang, rlhf https://sourcescore.org/claims/e120182d1e01ea2b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e120182d1e01ea2b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT FlashAttention introduced in paper: FlashAttention: Fast and Memory-Efficient Exact Attention with IO-Awareness (Dao et al., 2022). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e120182d1e01ea2b.json. flash-attention, performance, dao, 2022, stanford https://sourcescore.org/claims/85a3ca745eaf4ee0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/85a3ca745eaf4ee0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining) introduced in paper: Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision (Radford et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/85a3ca745eaf4ee0.json. clip, multimodal, vision, radford, 2021, openai https://sourcescore.org/claims/8d653880c519a8ef/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8d653880c519a8ef/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ChatGPT released on: 2022-11-30. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8d653880c519a8ef.json. chatgpt, openai, release, 2022, gpt-3.5 https://sourcescore.org/claims/09eea8fb1a8ccebf/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/09eea8fb1a8ccebf/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GPT-4 released on: 2023-03-14. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/09eea8fb1a8ccebf.json. gpt-4, openai, release, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/26314e3164e18b24/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/26314e3164e18b24/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GPT-4 Turbo context window tokens: 128000. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/26314e3164e18b24.json. gpt-4-turbo, context, openai, 128k, devday https://sourcescore.org/claims/bd065b91ca6e880b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bd065b91ca6e880b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GPT-4o released on: 2024-05-13. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bd065b91ca6e880b.json. gpt-4o, openai, release, 2024, multimodal https://sourcescore.org/claims/9fc5fb203abbf250/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9fc5fb203abbf250/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Claude 3.5 Sonnet released on: 2024-06-20. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9fc5fb203abbf250.json. claude-3.5, sonnet, anthropic, release, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/565df27fc8b75ef0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/565df27fc8b75ef0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Claude 3 Opus context window tokens: 200000. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/565df27fc8b75ef0.json. claude-3, opus, anthropic, context, 200k https://sourcescore.org/claims/34dd74941bc7bd48/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/34dd74941bc7bd48/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Llama 2 released on: 2023-07-18. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/34dd74941bc7bd48.json. llama-2, meta, release, 2023, open-weights https://sourcescore.org/claims/a55484ab8b4bdf4e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a55484ab8b4bdf4e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Llama 3.1 released on: 2024-07-23. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a55484ab8b4bdf4e.json. llama-3.1, meta, release, 2024, open-weights, 405b https://sourcescore.org/claims/282b0523eefd9afd/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/282b0523eefd9afd/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Llama 3.1 405B parameter count: 405000000000. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/282b0523eefd9afd.json. llama-3.1, parameters, 405b, meta https://sourcescore.org/claims/410aec4f418f2b11/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/410aec4f418f2b11/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mixtral 8x7B released on: 2023-12-11. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/410aec4f418f2b11.json. mixtral, mistral, release, 2023, moe, sparse https://sourcescore.org/claims/ad79b14fafb362cd/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ad79b14fafb362cd/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mixtral 8x7B architecture: Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (8 experts × 7B params, 2 experts routed per token). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ad79b14fafb362cd.json. mixtral, moe, architecture, mistral https://sourcescore.org/claims/e2a6019bd2ce5c97/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e2a6019bd2ce5c97/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Gemini Pro released on: 2023-12-06. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e2a6019bd2ce5c97.json. gemini, google, release, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a3ebbaed14bd83d0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a3ebbaed14bd83d0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Whisper released on: 2022-09-21. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a3ebbaed14bd83d0.json. whisper, openai, speech, asr, release, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/dc53356a0a39c8de/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/dc53356a0a39c8de/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic founded in: 2021. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/dc53356a0a39c8de.json. anthropic, company, founded, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/64a2379efebe62ee/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/64a2379efebe62ee/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI founded in: 2015. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/64a2379efebe62ee.json. openai, company, founded, 2015 https://sourcescore.org/claims/db8e97f3583db317/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/db8e97f3583db317/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral AI founded in: 2023. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/db8e97f3583db317.json. mistral, company, founded, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/0e28201946131976/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/0e28201946131976/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Hugging Face founded in: 2016. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/0e28201946131976.json. hugging-face, company, founded, 2016 https://sourcescore.org/claims/4c1ee70007dc89c1/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4c1ee70007dc89c1/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) introduced in paper: BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding (Devlin et al., 2018). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4c1ee70007dc89c1.json. bert, foundational, devlin, 2018, google, nlp https://sourcescore.org/claims/859551dc078c46f8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/859551dc078c46f8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GPT-2 introduced in paper: Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners (Radford et al., 2019). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/859551dc078c46f8.json. gpt-2, foundational, openai, radford, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/4f55f77c4bfb316e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4f55f77c4bfb316e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ResNet (Residual Networks) introduced in paper: Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition (He et al., 2015). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4f55f77c4bfb316e.json. resnet, foundational, vision, he, 2015, microsoft, cvpr https://sourcescore.org/claims/ef28341c3b308737/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ef28341c3b308737/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT T5 (Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer) introduced in paper: Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer (Raffel et al., 2019). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ef28341c3b308737.json. t5, foundational, transfer-learning, raffel, 2019, google https://sourcescore.org/claims/2d6d7f61f1db6493/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2d6d7f61f1db6493/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Sparsely-Gated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) introduced in paper: Outrageously Large Neural Networks: The Sparsely-Gated Mixture-of-Experts Layer (Shazeer et al., 2017). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2d6d7f61f1db6493.json. moe, foundational, shazeer, 2017, google https://sourcescore.org/claims/3d9c14b9379038c9/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/3d9c14b9379038c9/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Switch Transformer introduced in paper: Switch Transformers: Scaling to Trillion Parameter Models with Simple and Efficient Sparsity (Fedus et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/3d9c14b9379038c9.json. switch-transformer, moe, foundational, fedus, 2021, google https://sourcescore.org/claims/8befcae6bce01a95/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8befcae6bce01a95/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Chinchilla scaling laws introduced in paper: Training Compute-Optimal Large Language Models (Hoffmann et al., 2022). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8befcae6bce01a95.json. chinchilla, scaling-laws, foundational, hoffmann, 2022, deepmind, nips https://sourcescore.org/claims/00f224e1ccc158ef/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/00f224e1ccc158ef/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) introduced in paper: Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithms (Schulman et al., 2017). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/00f224e1ccc158ef.json. ppo, reinforcement-learning, foundational, schulman, 2017, openai, rlhf https://sourcescore.org/claims/3518f8aa40cb0d36/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/3518f8aa40cb0d36/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mamba state-space model introduced in paper: Mamba: Linear-Time Sequence Modeling with Selective State Spaces (Gu, Dao, 2023). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/3518f8aa40cb0d36.json. mamba, state-space, foundational, gu, dao, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/3af924da138ff84c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/3af924da138ff84c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Chain-of-Thought prompting introduced in paper: Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models (Wei et al., 2022). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/3af924da138ff84c.json. chain-of-thought, cot, prompting, foundational, wei, 2022, google, nips https://sourcescore.org/claims/dffbe905003cc581/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/dffbe905003cc581/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Adam optimizer introduced in paper: Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization (Kingma, Ba, 2014). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/dffbe905003cc581.json. adam, optimizer, foundational, kingma, 2014, iclr https://sourcescore.org/claims/98b6e774be89d967/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/98b6e774be89d967/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AlexNet introduced in paper: ImageNet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (Krizhevsky, Sutskever, Hinton, 2012). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/98b6e774be89d967.json. alexnet, foundational, vision, krizhevsky, hinton, 2012, nips, imagenet https://sourcescore.org/claims/5ce2e90fafdca0c2/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/5ce2e90fafdca0c2/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Llama 1 released on: 2023-02-24. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/5ce2e90fafdca0c2.json. llama-1, meta, release, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/5f599876b3dd19b3/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/5f599876b3dd19b3/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Llama 3 released on: 2024-04-18. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/5f599876b3dd19b3.json. llama-3, meta, release, 2024, open-weights https://sourcescore.org/claims/e4581034693f4584/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e4581034693f4584/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Llama 3 70B parameter count: 70000000000. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e4581034693f4584.json. llama-3, parameters, 70b, meta https://sourcescore.org/claims/99340a18716a44fb/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/99340a18716a44fb/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Claude 3 family (Opus, Sonnet, Haiku) released on: 2024-03-04. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/99340a18716a44fb.json. claude-3, opus, sonnet, haiku, anthropic, release, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/b55da789dba1c76b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b55da789dba1c76b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Gemini 1.5 Pro announced on: 2024-02-15. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b55da789dba1c76b.json. gemini-1.5, google, announcement, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/2d5a5dc30e7f6f02/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2d5a5dc30e7f6f02/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral 7B released on: 2023-09-27. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2d5a5dc30e7f6f02.json. mistral-7b, mistral, release, 2023, open-weights https://sourcescore.org/claims/f6f333228f224df2/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f6f333228f224df2/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Stable Diffusion 1.0 released on: 2022-08-22. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f6f333228f224df2.json. stable-diffusion, stability-ai, release, 2022, image-generation https://sourcescore.org/claims/ce5275632f16109a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ce5275632f16109a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT DALL-E 3 announced on: 2023-09-20. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ce5275632f16109a.json. dall-e-3, openai, image-generation, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/5697b2a15693e6c0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/5697b2a15693e6c0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Sora (OpenAI video generation model) announced on: 2024-02-15. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/5697b2a15693e6c0.json. sora, openai, video-generation, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/461dd4dbccd9038d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/461dd4dbccd9038d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ChatGPT Plus launched on: 2023-02-01. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/461dd4dbccd9038d.json. chatgpt-plus, openai, subscription, launch, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/1ca2cc2864dfb376/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/1ca2cc2864dfb376/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GPT-3 parameter count: 175000000000. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/1ca2cc2864dfb376.json. gpt-3, openai, parameters, 175b, brown, 2020 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d23bd1687a3ea44a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d23bd1687a3ea44a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Stability AI founded in: 2019. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d23bd1687a3ea44a.json. stability-ai, company, founded, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/25a8f486a0947790/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/25a8f486a0947790/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT DeepMind acquired by google on: 2014-01-26. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/25a8f486a0947790.json. deepmind, google, acquisition, 2014, company https://sourcescore.org/claims/045e628def62181d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/045e628def62181d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ImageNet dataset introduced in paper: ImageNet: A Large-Scale Hierarchical Image Database (Deng et al., 2009). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/045e628def62181d.json. imagenet, dataset, vision, foundational, fei-fei-li, 2009, cvpr https://sourcescore.org/claims/d3681b0981e0b700/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d3681b0981e0b700/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Vision Transformer (ViT) introduced in paper: An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale (Dosovitskiy et al., 2020). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d3681b0981e0b700.json. vit, vision-transformer, foundational, dosovitskiy, 2020, google, iclr https://sourcescore.org/claims/477bc19212addf9a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/477bc19212addf9a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AlphaFold 2 published in paper: Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold (Jumper et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/477bc19212addf9a.json. alphafold, deepmind, biology, 2021, nature, protein https://sourcescore.org/claims/5b0c0612bd9e55b0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/5b0c0612bd9e55b0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) introduced in paper: Generative Adversarial Networks (Goodfellow et al., 2014). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/5b0c0612bd9e55b0.json. gan, foundational, goodfellow, 2014, nips, generative https://sourcescore.org/claims/62789e45973ab631/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/62789e45973ab631/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Variational Autoencoder (VAE) introduced in paper: Auto-Encoding Variational Bayes (Kingma, Welling, 2013). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/62789e45973ab631.json. vae, foundational, kingma, welling, 2013, iclr, generative https://sourcescore.org/claims/e700f81fff6f38c7/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e700f81fff6f38c7/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPM) introduced in paper: Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (Ho, Jain, Abbeel, 2020). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e700f81fff6f38c7.json. ddpm, diffusion, foundational, ho, 2020, nips, image-generation https://sourcescore.org/claims/4978f76d228a3db1/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4978f76d228a3db1/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Word2Vec introduced in paper: Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space (Mikolov et al., 2013). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4978f76d228a3db1.json. word2vec, embeddings, foundational, mikolov, 2013, google, nlp https://sourcescore.org/claims/e942c93d70a4dab2/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e942c93d70a4dab2/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE) for Neural Machine Translation introduced in paper: Neural Machine Translation of Rare Words with Subword Units (Sennrich et al., 2015). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e942c93d70a4dab2.json. bpe, tokenization, foundational, sennrich, 2015, acl, nmt https://sourcescore.org/claims/428d754e7c651be6/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/428d754e7c651be6/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT MMLU benchmark introduced in paper: Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding (Hendrycks et al., 2020). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/428d754e7c651be6.json. mmlu, benchmark, hendrycks, 2020, iclr, evaluation https://sourcescore.org/claims/71ec42731d2c9e0c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/71ec42731d2c9e0c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT HumanEval benchmark introduced in paper: Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code (Chen et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/71ec42731d2c9e0c.json. humaneval, benchmark, codex, openai, chen, 2021, code-generation https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4fc4391a27f0500/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4fc4391a27f0500/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Llama 2 70B parameter count: 70000000000. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a4fc4391a27f0500.json. llama-2, parameters, 70b, meta https://sourcescore.org/claims/8455a8b9d44fecbe/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8455a8b9d44fecbe/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Llama 3 8B parameter count: 8000000000. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8455a8b9d44fecbe.json. llama-3, parameters, 8b, meta https://sourcescore.org/claims/1a4cf45e8b967089/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/1a4cf45e8b967089/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GPT-4o mini released on: 2024-07-18. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/1a4cf45e8b967089.json. gpt-4o-mini, openai, release, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/cdc82d4d6c880ba3/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/cdc82d4d6c880ba3/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Claude 3.5 Haiku released on: 2024-11-04. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/cdc82d4d6c880ba3.json. claude-3.5-haiku, anthropic, release, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/2d20c4a92620ba46/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2d20c4a92620ba46/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Phi-3 (Microsoft small language model family) released on: 2024-04-23. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2d20c4a92620ba46.json. phi-3, microsoft, release, 2024, slm https://sourcescore.org/claims/6aa7e9c75d084617/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/6aa7e9c75d084617/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT DeepSeek V3 released on: 2024-12-26. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/6aa7e9c75d084617.json. deepseek-v3, deepseek, release, 2024, open-weights https://sourcescore.org/claims/e27816c692a28ce9/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e27816c692a28ce9/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Llama 3.2 (multimodal release including 11B and 90B vision models) released on: 2024-09-25. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e27816c692a28ce9.json. llama-3.2, meta, release, 2024, multimodal, vision https://sourcescore.org/claims/97c04944b4c6345a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/97c04944b4c6345a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Llama 3.3 70B released on: 2024-12-06. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/97c04944b4c6345a.json. llama-3.3, meta, release, 2024, open-weights https://sourcescore.org/claims/bc1d6baa80070e80/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bc1d6baa80070e80/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Gemini 2.0 announced on: 2024-12-11. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bc1d6baa80070e80.json. gemini-2.0, google, deepmind, announcement, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/930c3c71363acee5/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/930c3c71363acee5/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Grok (xAI) announced on: 2023-11-04. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/930c3c71363acee5.json. grok, xai, announcement, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/118226d52c6f7491/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/118226d52c6f7491/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GPT-4o context window tokens: 128000. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/118226d52c6f7491.json. gpt-4o, context, openai, 128k https://sourcescore.org/claims/409b828ed9f8410b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/409b828ed9f8410b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Sora (public release to ChatGPT Plus subscribers) released on: 2024-12-09. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/409b828ed9f8410b.json. sora, openai, release, 2024, video-generation https://sourcescore.org/claims/cf4cbf71dc7dd19a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/cf4cbf71dc7dd19a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Cohere founded in: 2019. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/cf4cbf71dc7dd19a.json. cohere, company, founded, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/e5084c3f7023114b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e5084c3f7023114b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT xAI founded in: 2023. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e5084c3f7023114b.json. xai, company, founded, 2023, musk https://sourcescore.org/claims/4a2689e6230ef2e1/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4a2689e6230ef2e1/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Common Crawl founded in: 2007. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4a2689e6230ef2e1.json. common-crawl, dataset, founded, 2007 https://sourcescore.org/claims/fceea64fa7d04d3a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/fceea64fa7d04d3a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ReAct (Reasoning + Acting) introduced in paper: ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Models (Yao et al., 2022). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/fceea64fa7d04d3a.json. react, reasoning, agents, tool-use, foundational, 2022, yao https://sourcescore.org/claims/f191b2876790dc6e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f191b2876790dc6e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT LoRA (Low-Rank Adaptation) introduced in paper: LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Models (Hu et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f191b2876790dc6e.json. lora, peft, fine-tuning, foundational, 2021, microsoft https://sourcescore.org/claims/767cbe41c961be1a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/767cbe41c961be1a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT QLoRA introduced in paper: QLoRA: Efficient Finetuning of Quantized LLMs (Dettmers et al., 2023). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/767cbe41c961be1a.json. qlora, quantization, peft, fine-tuning, foundational, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f8d64457ba9fd35b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f8d64457ba9fd35b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Rotary Position Embedding (RoPE) introduced in paper: RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding (Su et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f8d64457ba9fd35b.json. rope, position-embedding, transformer, foundational, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/aede848e23c8de8e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/aede848e23c8de8e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE) for NMT introduced in paper: Neural Machine Translation of Rare Words with Subword Units (Sennrich et al., 2015). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/aede848e23c8de8e.json. bpe, tokenization, subword, foundational, 2015, acl https://sourcescore.org/claims/0d47bb8eb637a2e4/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/0d47bb8eb637a2e4/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT SentencePiece tokenizer introduced in paper: SentencePiece: A simple and language independent subword tokenizer and detokenizer for Neural Text Processing (Kudo & Richardson, 2018). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/0d47bb8eb637a2e4.json. sentencepiece, tokenization, google, foundational, 2018 https://sourcescore.org/claims/0d24c97977ebd744/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/0d24c97977ebd744/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT C4 (Colossal Clean Crawled Corpus) introduced in paper: Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer (Raffel et al., 2019). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/0d24c97977ebd744.json. c4, dataset, pretraining, google, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/4aef1422b96df26c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4aef1422b96df26c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT The Pile dataset released on: 2020-12-31. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4aef1422b96df26c.json. the-pile, dataset, pretraining, eleutherai, 2020 https://sourcescore.org/claims/ea8b7be3a49101be/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ea8b7be3a49101be/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT RedPajama dataset released on: 2023-04-17. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ea8b7be3a49101be.json. redpajama, dataset, pretraining, together, 2023, open-source https://sourcescore.org/claims/bcdef949cc6d3644/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bcdef949cc6d3644/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT CLIP introduced in paper: Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision (Radford et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bcdef949cc6d3644.json. clip, vision-language, multimodal, foundational, 2021, openai https://sourcescore.org/claims/0b0e64476bd25bd6/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/0b0e64476bd25bd6/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT DALL·E 2 released on: 2022-04-06. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/0b0e64476bd25bd6.json. dall-e, dall-e-2, image-generation, multimodal, openai, released_on, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/79a7e980e59680bc/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/79a7e980e59680bc/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Stable Diffusion 1.x released on: 2022-08-22. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/79a7e980e59680bc.json. stable-diffusion, image-generation, stability-ai, released_on, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f018fec775a8e941/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f018fec775a8e941/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT EleutherAI founded in: 2020. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f018fec775a8e941.json. eleutherai, company, founded, 2020, open-source https://sourcescore.org/claims/4d05fa0726841c32/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4d05fa0726841c32/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Together AI founded in: 2022. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 90%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4d05fa0726841c32.json. together-ai, company, founded, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/c7c1ee139886cafe/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c7c1ee139886cafe/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AI21 Labs founded in: 2017. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c7c1ee139886cafe.json. ai21, ai21-labs, company, founded, 2017, israel https://sourcescore.org/claims/ee150c6e44364a3d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ee150c6e44364a3d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ELMo (Embeddings from Language Models) introduced in paper: Deep contextualized word representations (Peters et al., 2018). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ee150c6e44364a3d.json. elmo, word-embeddings, contextualized, foundational, 2018, naacl https://sourcescore.org/claims/1aacbf0bf9248dc7/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/1aacbf0bf9248dc7/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Latent Diffusion Models (LDM) introduced in paper: High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Models (Rombach et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/1aacbf0bf9248dc7.json. latent-diffusion, ldm, image-generation, stable-diffusion-backbone, foundational, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/2f9c79357e9d4da9/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2f9c79357e9d4da9/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ELECTRA introduced in paper: ELECTRA: Pre-training Text Encoders as Discriminators Rather Than Generators (Clark et al., 2020). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2f9c79357e9d4da9.json. electra, pretraining, discriminator, foundational, 2020, google https://sourcescore.org/claims/7d3e6a39b1656571/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/7d3e6a39b1656571/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GPT-3 introduced in paper: Language Models are Few-Shot Learners (Brown et al., 2020). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/7d3e6a39b1656571.json. gpt-3, openai, few-shot, foundational, 2020, nips https://sourcescore.org/claims/1cfc3870019a8819/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/1cfc3870019a8819/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Pinecone founded in: 2019. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 90%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/1cfc3870019a8819.json. pinecone, vector-database, company, founded, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/9f25f9f965e7cde4/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9f25f9f965e7cde4/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Weaviate founded in: 2019. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 85%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9f25f9f965e7cde4.json. weaviate, vector-database, company, founded, 2019, netherlands https://sourcescore.org/claims/9241483ac9f6e285/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9241483ac9f6e285/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Qdrant founded in: 2021. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 85%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9241483ac9f6e285.json. qdrant, vector-database, company, founded, 2021, germany https://sourcescore.org/claims/d9e848aed91184f4/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d9e848aed91184f4/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Replicate founded in: 2019. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 85%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d9e848aed91184f4.json. replicate, ml-inference, company, founded, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/79be9b25cd64f250/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/79be9b25cd64f250/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Codex introduced in paper: Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Code (Chen et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/79be9b25cd64f250.json. codex, code-generation, openai, foundational, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/1a1e87145608c91a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/1a1e87145608c91a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT SuperGLUE benchmark introduced in paper: SuperGLUE: A Stickier Benchmark for General-Purpose Language Understanding Systems (Wang et al., 2019). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/1a1e87145608c91a.json. superglue, benchmark, evaluation, foundational, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/aa113b5e61d5c214/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/aa113b5e61d5c214/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GLUE benchmark introduced in paper: GLUE: A Multi-Task Benchmark and Analysis Platform for Natural Language Understanding (Wang et al., 2018). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/aa113b5e61d5c214.json. glue, benchmark, evaluation, foundational, 2018 https://sourcescore.org/claims/18409e7f8a6d7aac/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/18409e7f8a6d7aac/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Dropout introduced in paper: Dropout: A Simple Way to Prevent Neural Networks from Overfitting (Srivastava et al., 2014). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/18409e7f8a6d7aac.json. dropout, regularization, foundational, 2014, jmlr, hinton https://sourcescore.org/claims/56c451642ab41e68/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/56c451642ab41e68/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Batch Normalization introduced in paper: Batch Normalization: Accelerating Deep Network Training by Reducing Internal Covariate Shift (Ioffe & Szegedy, 2015). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/56c451642ab41e68.json. batch-normalization, regularization, training, foundational, 2015, icml, google https://sourcescore.org/claims/f72db86c784a1b32/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f72db86c784a1b32/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Layer Normalization introduced in paper: Layer Normalization (Ba, Kiros, Hinton, 2016). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 1 primary source. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f72db86c784a1b32.json. layer-normalization, normalization, transformer-ingredient, foundational, 2016, hinton https://sourcescore.org/claims/ff80a25ed7e83b45/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ff80a25ed7e83b45/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Sequence-to-Sequence Learning (seq2seq) introduced in paper: Sequence to Sequence Learning with Neural Networks (Sutskever, Vinyals, Le, 2014). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ff80a25ed7e83b45.json. seq2seq, encoder-decoder, lstm, foundational, 2014, nips, google https://sourcescore.org/claims/c3d2ec81d9faf837/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c3d2ec81d9faf837/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Longformer introduced in paper: Longformer: The Long-Document Transformer (Beltagy, Peters, Cohan, 2020). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c3d2ec81d9faf837.json. longformer, long-context, sparse-attention, foundational, 2020, allen-ai https://sourcescore.org/claims/76f7f00e79bc18c8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/76f7f00e79bc18c8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Reformer introduced in paper: Reformer: The Efficient Transformer (Kitaev, Kaiser, Levskaya, 2020). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/76f7f00e79bc18c8.json. reformer, efficient-transformer, lsh-attention, foundational, 2020, iclr, google https://sourcescore.org/claims/87b09546387243ef/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/87b09546387243ef/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Gemma released on: 2024-02-21. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/87b09546387243ef.json. gemma, google, open-weights, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/3390777eaf4ccc6f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/3390777eaf4ccc6f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Qwen released on: 2023-08-03. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/3390777eaf4ccc6f.json. qwen, alibaba, open-weights, released_on, 2023, china https://sourcescore.org/claims/bf5bdd9756278449/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bf5bdd9756278449/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT BLEU score introduced in paper: BLEU: a Method for Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation (Papineni et al., 2002). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bf5bdd9756278449.json. bleu, evaluation-metric, machine-translation, foundational, 2002, acl, ibm https://sourcescore.org/claims/b0eb5c8ac5b4b21e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b0eb5c8ac5b4b21e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ROUGE score introduced in paper: ROUGE: A Package for Automatic Evaluation of Summaries (Lin, 2004). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b0eb5c8ac5b4b21e.json. rouge, evaluation-metric, summarization, foundational, 2004, acl https://sourcescore.org/claims/b6d51eba4fc7f918/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b6d51eba4fc7f918/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AdamW optimizer introduced in paper: Decoupled Weight Decay Regularization (Loshchilov & Hutter, 2017). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b6d51eba4fc7f918.json. adamw, optimizer, weight-decay, foundational, 2017, iclr https://sourcescore.org/claims/d58d505fd9d705fe/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d58d505fd9d705fe/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT PaLM introduced in paper: PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathways (Chowdhery et al., 2022). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d58d505fd9d705fe.json. palm, google, pathways, foundational, 2022, parameter-count, 540b https://sourcescore.org/claims/30fdfa95f8684ca5/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/30fdfa95f8684ca5/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Imagen introduced in paper: Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understanding (Saharia et al., 2022). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/30fdfa95f8684ca5.json. imagen, google, text-to-image, diffusion, foundational, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/bfae8cafd2eb0bf8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bfae8cafd2eb0bf8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AlphaFold 3 released on: 2024-05-08. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bfae8cafd2eb0bf8.json. alphafold, alphafold-3, deepmind, isomorphic, protein-structure, released_on, 2024, nature https://sourcescore.org/claims/97ec4d132871224b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/97ec4d132871224b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) introduced in: 1997 by Hochreiter and Schmidhuber. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/97ec4d132871224b.json. lstm, rnn, hochreiter, schmidhuber, foundational, 1997, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/0318700337f0906d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/0318700337f0906d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AlphaGo defeated: Lee Sedol 4-1 in March 2016. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/0318700337f0906d.json. alphago, deepmind, reinforcement-learning, lee-sedol, foundational, 2016, defeated https://sourcescore.org/claims/b2dbbb7283a89f21/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b2dbbb7283a89f21/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AlphaZero published in: Science journal December 2018. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b2dbbb7283a89f21.json. alphazero, deepmind, reinforcement-learning, self-play, foundational, 2018, science https://sourcescore.org/claims/d4fecb26a4c9cdca/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d4fecb26a4c9cdca/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT RoBERTa introduced in: Liu et al. 2019 — A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d4fecb26a4c9cdca.json. roberta, bert, facebook-ai, pretraining, foundational, 2019, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/245af747a3d21061/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/245af747a3d21061/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT DistilBERT introduced in: Sanh et al. 2019 — a smaller, faster, cheaper BERT via knowledge distillation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/245af747a3d21061.json. distilbert, bert, knowledge-distillation, hugging-face, foundational, 2019, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/1ddbde847e500ac5/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/1ddbde847e500ac5/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GitHub Copilot publicly released on: 2021-06-29 (technical preview). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/1ddbde847e500ac5.json. github-copilot, github, openai, codex, coding-assistant, released_on, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/db733143bb054d41/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/db733143bb054d41/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OLMo released on: 2024-02-01 by Allen Institute for AI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/db733143bb054d41.json. olmo, allenai, ai2, open-source, fully-open, 2024, released_on https://sourcescore.org/claims/d2ac7cd6fc8b1156/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d2ac7cd6fc8b1156/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Gemini Ultra publicly released on: 2024-02-08 via Gemini Advanced subscription. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d2ac7cd6fc8b1156.json. gemini-ultra, gemini-advanced, google, deepmind, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/c6660e2e910f2680/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c6660e2e910f2680/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT DeepSeek-R1 released on: 2025-01-20 with reasoning chain-of-thought capabilities. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c6660e2e910f2680.json. deepseek-r1, deepseek, reasoning, reinforcement-learning, chain-of-thought, 2025, released_on https://sourcescore.org/claims/bdab1261665d495e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bdab1261665d495e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Stable Diffusion 3 publicly released on: 2024-06-12 (Stable Diffusion 3 Medium weights). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bdab1261665d495e.json. stable-diffusion-3, stability-ai, rectified-flow, text-to-image, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f5b422e3255fd7c0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f5b422e3255fd7c0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT BART introduced in: Lewis et al. 2019 — denoising sequence-to-sequence pretraining. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f5b422e3255fd7c0.json. bart, facebook-ai, denoising, seq2seq, encoder-decoder, foundational, 2019, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/7f9254f3c0612ed0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/7f9254f3c0612ed0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GloVe introduced in: Pennington, Socher, Manning 2014 — global vectors for word representation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/7f9254f3c0612ed0.json. glove, stanford-nlp, word-embeddings, foundational, 2014, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/72ea74efc723bd06/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/72ea74efc723bd06/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Flamingo introduced in: Alayrac et al. 2022 — DeepMind few-shot vision-language model. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/72ea74efc723bd06.json. flamingo, deepmind, vision-language, few-shot, multimodal, 2022, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/cd4387e16e2c3e3d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/cd4387e16e2c3e3d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Toolformer introduced in: Schick et al. 2023 — self-supervised LLM tool-use. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/cd4387e16e2c3e3d.json. toolformer, meta-ai, tool-use, function-calling, agents, 2023, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/468a9e2c047d8f2f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/468a9e2c047d8f2f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT vLLM introduced in: Kwon et al. 2023 — high-throughput LLM serving via PagedAttention. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/468a9e2c047d8f2f.json. vllm, paged-attention, uc-berkeley, inference, serving, open-source, 2023, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/2c6ddc094019890c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2c6ddc094019890c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT llama.cpp publicly released on: 2023-03-10 by Georgi Gerganov. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2c6ddc094019890c.json. llama-cpp, ggerganov, inference, open-source, cpp, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/ad04a4489786ac11/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ad04a4489786ac11/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Ollama publicly released on: 2023-07-18 — local LLM runtime. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ad04a4489786ac11.json. ollama, local-inference, open-source, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/789ddc9bc9c3d688/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/789ddc9bc9c3d688/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Chatbot Arena introduced in: Zheng et al. 2023 — LMSYS open platform for evaluating LLMs by human preference. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/789ddc9bc9c3d688.json. chatbot-arena, lmsys, uc-berkeley, evaluation, human-preference, leaderboard, 2023, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/f75020a0604daad7/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f75020a0604daad7/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Phi-4 released on: 2024-12-12 by Microsoft Research. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f75020a0604daad7.json. phi-4, microsoft, synthetic-data, small-language-model, 2024, released_on https://sourcescore.org/claims/a9ab1ec12062f7ae/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a9ab1ec12062f7ae/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GPTQ introduced in: Frantar et al. 2022 — accurate post-training quantization for GPT models. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a9ab1ec12062f7ae.json. gptq, quantization, ist-austria, inference, post-training, 2022, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/c73295c7d563d226/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c73295c7d563d226/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT LangChain framework publicly released on: 2022-10-25 by Harrison Chase. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c73295c7d563d226.json. langchain, framework, open-source, released_on, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/8ec0a4529b895d03/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8ec0a4529b895d03/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT LlamaIndex framework publicly released on: 2022-11-09 by Jerry Liu (originally GPT Index). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8ec0a4529b895d03.json. llamaindex, gpt-index, framework, rag, open-source, released_on, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/7ee9546a5a7d851e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/7ee9546a5a7d851e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT FAISS introduced in: Johnson, Douze, Jégou 2017 — Facebook AI Similarity Search. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/7ee9546a5a7d851e.json. faiss, facebook-ai, meta-ai, similarity-search, vector-search, 2017, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/70db729b5808e22c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/70db729b5808e22c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT tiktoken publicly released on: 2022-12-06 by OpenAI — BPE tokenizer for OpenAI models. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/70db729b5808e22c.json. tiktoken, openai, bpe, tokenizer, open-source, released_on, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d04ee92d198f69d8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d04ee92d198f69d8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Model Context Protocol (MCP) publicly released on: 2024-11-25 by Anthropic. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d04ee92d198f69d8.json. mcp, model-context-protocol, anthropic, open-standard, tool-use, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/c0219cf87124d20d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c0219cf87124d20d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Self-RAG introduced in: Asai et al. 2023 — self-reflective retrieval-augmented generation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c0219cf87124d20d.json. self-rag, rag, self-reflection, uw-nlp, allenai, 2023, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/07abb25f8fc2c1d6/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/07abb25f8fc2c1d6/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mamba-2 introduced in: Dao & Gu 2024 — structured state space duality. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/07abb25f8fc2c1d6.json. mamba-2, state-space-model, ssm, princeton, cmu, 2024, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/b89957cd609ecc38/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b89957cd609ecc38/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ChatGPT search publicly released on: 2024-10-31 by OpenAI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b89957cd609ecc38.json. chatgpt-search, openai, search, web-retrieval, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/4b70646f48b9a736/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4b70646f48b9a736/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Whisper large-v3 publicly released on: 2023-11-06 by OpenAI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4b70646f48b9a736.json. whisper, whisper-large-v3, openai, speech-recognition, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/2f14f3078741c0ad/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2f14f3078741c0ad/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AlpacaEval introduced in: Li et al. 2023 — LLM-as-judge evaluation benchmark. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2f14f3078741c0ad.json. alpacaeval, alpaca, stanford, evaluation, llm-as-judge, 2023, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/471aa3782c550dfe/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/471aa3782c550dfe/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral Large 2 released on: 2024-07-24 by Mistral AI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/471aa3782c550dfe.json. mistral-large-2, mistral, open-weights, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/b841d8246a618909/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b841d8246a618909/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Qwen 2.5 released on: 2024-09-19 by Alibaba. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b841d8246a618909.json. qwen-2.5, alibaba, open-weights, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/227ecd38519af6c8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/227ecd38519af6c8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Claude Opus 4 released on: 2025-05-22 by Anthropic. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/227ecd38519af6c8.json. claude-opus-4, claude-4, anthropic, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/b5990a667b668e82/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b5990a667b668e82/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI o1 publicly released on: 2024-12-05 — full version with reasoning chain. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b5990a667b668e82.json. openai-o1, o1, openai, reasoning, test-time-compute, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/7edfbce6d736c8aa/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/7edfbce6d736c8aa/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Cursor publicly released on: 2023-03-14 by Anysphere. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/7edfbce6d736c8aa.json. cursor, anysphere, ide, coding-assistant, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/8cdc42759d98b531/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8cdc42759d98b531/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Hugging Face Transformers library publicly released on: 2018-10-04 — originally pytorch-pretrained-bert. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8cdc42759d98b531.json. transformers, hugging-face, library, open-source, released_on, 2018 https://sourcescore.org/claims/76c83fea654bb445/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/76c83fea654bb445/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT PyTorch publicly released on: 2017-01-18 by Facebook AI Research. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/76c83fea654bb445.json. pytorch, facebook-ai, meta, framework, open-source, released_on, 2017 https://sourcescore.org/claims/fc71d09cd60b84ab/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/fc71d09cd60b84ab/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT TensorFlow publicly released on: 2015-11-09 by Google. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/fc71d09cd60b84ab.json. tensorflow, google, framework, open-source, released_on, 2015 https://sourcescore.org/claims/3652d087edc1e228/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/3652d087edc1e228/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT JAX publicly released on: 2018-12-10 by Google Research. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/3652d087edc1e228.json. jax, google, deepmind, framework, autodiff, open-source, released_on, 2018 https://sourcescore.org/claims/53cc193ef08fc5c0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/53cc193ef08fc5c0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT DeepSpeed publicly released on: 2020-02-13 by Microsoft Research. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/53cc193ef08fc5c0.json. deepspeed, zero, microsoft, framework, distributed-training, open-source, released_on, 2020 https://sourcescore.org/claims/e5471a750d13a672/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e5471a750d13a672/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Backpropagation algorithm popularized in: Rumelhart, Hinton, Williams 1986 — Nature paper. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e5471a750d13a672.json. backpropagation, rumelhart, hinton, williams, foundational, 1986, introduced_in, nature https://sourcescore.org/claims/4f19829aa2036770/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4f19829aa2036770/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT U-Net introduced in: Ronneberger, Fischer, Brox 2015 — biomedical image segmentation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4f19829aa2036770.json. u-net, ronneberger, image-segmentation, diffusion-backbone, foundational, 2015, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/a77a8dd48941a53d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a77a8dd48941a53d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AlphaFold 1 introduced in: Senior et al. 2020 — DeepMind protein structure prediction. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a77a8dd48941a53d.json. alphafold-1, alphafold, deepmind, protein-structure, foundational, 2020, introduced_in, nature https://sourcescore.org/claims/4335bf51bf0fc14f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4335bf51bf0fc14f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT MoE Mixtral 8x22B released on: 2024-04-10 by Mistral AI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4335bf51bf0fc14f.json. mixtral-8x22b, mistral, moe, open-weights, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f82eba5c7f5fa09f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f82eba5c7f5fa09f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Claude Sonnet 4 released on: 2025-05-22 by Anthropic. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f82eba5c7f5fa09f.json. claude-sonnet-4, claude-4, anthropic, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/9c871f7e7d056dc8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9c871f7e7d056dc8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI o3-mini publicly released on: 2025-01-31 by OpenAI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9c871f7e7d056dc8.json. openai-o3-mini, openai, reasoning, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/1529ff37ac65916a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/1529ff37ac65916a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Gemini 2.5 Pro publicly released on: 2025-03-25 by Google DeepMind. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/1529ff37ac65916a.json. gemini-2.5-pro, gemini-2.5, google, deepmind, reasoning, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a1cbe9c4e3a5c8d3/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a1cbe9c4e3a5c8d3/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Stanford Alpaca publicly released on: 2023-03-13 — instruction-tuned LLaMA 7B from Stanford CRFM. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a1cbe9c4e3a5c8d3.json. stanford-alpaca, alpaca, stanford, llama, instruction-tuning, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/9ef37fbd1460c501/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9ef37fbd1460c501/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT LangSmith publicly released on: 2023-07-18 by LangChain — LLM observability + evaluation platform. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9ef37fbd1460c501.json. langsmith, langchain, observability, evaluation, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/981a3d33fc084f10/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/981a3d33fc084f10/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Tavily founded in: 2023 — search API for AI agents. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/981a3d33fc084f10.json. tavily, search-api, agent-tools, company, founded, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/24950bf9a1d5c57f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/24950bf9a1d5c57f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Instructor library introduced in: Jason Liu 2023 — structured outputs from LLMs via Pydantic. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/24950bf9a1d5c57f.json. instructor, structured-outputs, pydantic, framework, open-source, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/35cfa854f37981dd/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/35cfa854f37981dd/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Chroma vector database publicly released on: 2023-02-14 by Chroma Inc.. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/35cfa854f37981dd.json. chroma, vector-database, open-source, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/aa5b818bcc5124d7/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/aa5b818bcc5124d7/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Milvus vector database publicly released on: 2019-10-15 by Zilliz. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/aa5b818bcc5124d7.json. milvus, zilliz, vector-database, open-source, released_on, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/af53bd9ee3eceae8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/af53bd9ee3eceae8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT pgvector publicly released on: 2021-04-20 by Andrew Kane — Postgres vector extension. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/af53bd9ee3eceae8.json. pgvector, postgres, vector-database, extension, open-source, released_on, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/17935e8dbd615dc2/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/17935e8dbd615dc2/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT CrewAI publicly released on: 2023-12 by João Moura — multi-agent orchestration framework. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/17935e8dbd615dc2.json. crewai, multi-agent, framework, orchestration, open-source, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f943ed167ebbf186/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f943ed167ebbf186/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AutoGen publicly released on: 2023-09-25 by Microsoft Research. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f943ed167ebbf186.json. autogen, microsoft, multi-agent, framework, open-source, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f3f89b1db2dd4ec1/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f3f89b1db2dd4ec1/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Microsoft Semantic Kernel publicly released on: 2023-03-17 by Microsoft. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f3f89b1db2dd4ec1.json. semantic-kernel, microsoft, framework, open-source, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/6218cda83723327f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/6218cda83723327f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Haystack publicly released on: 2020-04 by deepset GmbH. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/6218cda83723327f.json. haystack, deepset, framework, rag, open-source, released_on, 2020 https://sourcescore.org/claims/78ec1ceed08a221c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/78ec1ceed08a221c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Triton inference server publicly released on: 2018-11 by NVIDIA — formerly TensorRT Inference Server. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/78ec1ceed08a221c.json. triton, nvidia, inference, serving, open-source, released_on, 2018 https://sourcescore.org/claims/ef80f618f64bc8b2/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ef80f618f64bc8b2/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Modal Labs founded in: 2021 — serverless GPU + AI infrastructure. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ef80f618f64bc8b2.json. modal, modal-labs, serverless, infrastructure, company, founded, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/4244c11611a72550/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4244c11611a72550/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT SGLang introduced in: Zheng et al. 2024 — efficient LLM serving with structured outputs. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4244c11611a72550.json. sglang, uc-berkeley, inference, structured-outputs, open-source, 2024, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/f1e5afb457a428c6/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f1e5afb457a428c6/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT VAE (Variational Autoencoder) introduced in: Kingma & Welling 2013 — auto-encoding variational Bayes. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f1e5afb457a428c6.json. vae, kingma, welling, generative, foundational, 2013, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/f14acb906ba6c12f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f14acb906ba6c12f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Knowledge Distillation popularized in: Hinton, Vinyals, Dean 2015 — distilling the knowledge in a neural network. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f14acb906ba6c12f.json. knowledge-distillation, hinton, google, compression, foundational, 2015, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/d5ce871dc69e7b04/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d5ce871dc69e7b04/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Llama 4 released on: 2025-04-05 by Meta — Scout + Maverick + Behemoth lineup. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d5ce871dc69e7b04.json. llama-4, meta, open-weights, moe, multimodal, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/25a7861bd919a053/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/25a7861bd919a053/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Claude Haiku 3.5 released on: 2024-11-04 by Anthropic. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/25a7861bd919a053.json. claude-3.5-haiku, anthropic, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/717c4809d659743f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/717c4809d659743f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Replit Agent publicly released on: 2024-09-05 by Replit. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/717c4809d659743f.json. replit-agent, replit, coding-agent, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/7989a48c95f119a8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/7989a48c95f119a8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Devin publicly released on: 2024-03-12 by Cognition Labs. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/7989a48c95f119a8.json. devin, cognition-labs, coding-agent, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/6e19ed543cadbcdd/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/6e19ed543cadbcdd/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Groq LPU publicly released on: 2024-02-19 by Groq — language processing unit inference. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/6e19ed543cadbcdd.json. groq, lpu, inference, hardware, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/983cf6ade8ab3be0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/983cf6ade8ab3be0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Cerebras founded in: 2016 — wafer-scale AI chip company. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/983cf6ade8ab3be0.json. cerebras, wafer-scale, hardware, company, founded, 2016 https://sourcescore.org/claims/b3d655b5b021fff5/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b3d655b5b021fff5/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic API publicly released on: 2023-07-11 — general availability. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b3d655b5b021fff5.json. anthropic-api, anthropic, claude, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/e15378ee47c08761/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e15378ee47c08761/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GPT-4 Vision publicly released on: 2023-09-25 by OpenAI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e15378ee47c08761.json. gpt-4v, gpt-4-vision, openai, multimodal, vision, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/590b9de765b8126e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/590b9de765b8126e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT InstructGPT introduced in: Ouyang et al. 2022 — RLHF-tuned GPT-3, direct ancestor of ChatGPT. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/590b9de765b8126e.json. instructgpt, openai, rlhf, alignment, foundational, 2022, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/65093b496018360a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/65093b496018360a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Computer Use publicly released on: 2024-10-22 by Anthropic — Claude 3.5 Sonnet computer use beta. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/65093b496018360a.json. computer-use, anthropic, agent, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/5e49fa8ac1952fde/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/5e49fa8ac1952fde/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI Realtime API publicly released on: 2024-10-01 by OpenAI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/5e49fa8ac1952fde.json. realtime-api, openai, voice, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/818889a574ef3b46/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/818889a574ef3b46/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI Assistants API publicly released on: 2023-11-06 by OpenAI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/818889a574ef3b46.json. assistants-api, openai, agents, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/9d7676f71d1ee4f3/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9d7676f71d1ee4f3/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Tree of Thoughts introduced in: Yao et al. 2023 — deliberate problem solving with LLMs. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9d7676f71d1ee4f3.json. tree-of-thoughts, tot, princeton, deepmind, reasoning, prompting, 2023, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/f068236101568ad7/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f068236101568ad7/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mixture of Experts (MoE) revival popularized in: Shazeer et al. 2017 — outrageously large neural networks via sparse gating. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f068236101568ad7.json. moe, mixture-of-experts, shazeer, google, foundational, iclr, 2017, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/6cdc7730bf41bb3d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/6cdc7730bf41bb3d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Speculative decoding introduced in: Leviathan, Kalman, Matias 2023 — Google Research. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/6cdc7730bf41bb3d.json. speculative-decoding, google, inference, foundational, icml, 2022, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/cccd161dd058a31e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/cccd161dd058a31e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT MTEB benchmark introduced in: Muennighoff et al. 2022 — Massive Text Embedding Benchmark. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/cccd161dd058a31e.json. mteb, benchmark, embeddings, huggingface, evaluation, 2022, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/b7f2b38c4041e55c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b7f2b38c4041e55c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Apple Intelligence publicly released on: 2024-10-28 by Apple. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b7f2b38c4041e55c.json. apple-intelligence, apple, consumer-ai, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/83f16c72e657e86e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/83f16c72e657e86e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Black Forest Labs Flux publicly released on: 2024-08-01 — Flux.1 [pro/dev/schnell] image generation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/83f16c72e657e86e.json. flux, black-forest-labs, image-generation, text-to-image, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/c755a0e6b5f19e15/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c755a0e6b5f19e15/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Tool Use (general availability) publicly released on: 2024-05-30 by Anthropic. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c755a0e6b5f19e15.json. tool-use, anthropic, function-calling, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/56b076e0e63f054f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/56b076e0e63f054f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI Function Calling publicly released on: 2023-06-13 by OpenAI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/56b076e0e63f054f.json. function-calling, openai, tool-use, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4b4d4b7d5ab6740/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4b4d4b7d5ab6740/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Perplexity AI founded in: 2022 — AI-powered answer engine. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a4b4d4b7d5ab6740.json. perplexity, perplexity-ai, ai-search, company, founded, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/0c83319b6c5dac0e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/0c83319b6c5dac0e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Suno AI founded in: 2023 — AI music generation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/0c83319b6c5dac0e.json. suno, suno-ai, music-generation, company, founded, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/dbdffd0d513ce369/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/dbdffd0d513ce369/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ElevenLabs founded in: 2022 — AI voice synthesis platform. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/dbdffd0d513ce369.json. elevenlabs, voice-synthesis, tts, company, founded, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/8b05095324238a8b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8b05095324238a8b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Runway ML founded in: 2018 — AI creative tools and video generation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8b05095324238a8b.json. runway, runwayml, video-generation, creative-ai, company, founded, 2018 https://sourcescore.org/claims/186ee5950b1f645e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/186ee5950b1f645e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Midjourney publicly released on: 2022-07-12 — public beta launch. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/186ee5950b1f645e.json. midjourney, image-generation, released_on, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/9ef57203f2dd34ec/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9ef57203f2dd34ec/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Hugging Face Hub publicly released on: 2020-09 — model + dataset sharing platform. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9ef57203f2dd34ec.json. hugging-face-hub, hugging-face, model-hub, open-source, released_on, 2020 https://sourcescore.org/claims/6fa575eb9df5ac32/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/6fa575eb9df5ac32/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Constitutional AI Harmlessness introduced in paper: Bai et al. 2022 — training a helpful and harmless assistant. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/6fa575eb9df5ac32.json. constitutional-ai, cai, anthropic, alignment, harmlessness, foundational, 2022, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/2335984b07f28cac/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2335984b07f28cac/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ColBERT introduced in: Khattab & Zaharia 2020 — late-interaction retrieval. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2335984b07f28cac.json. colbert, stanford, retrieval, late-interaction, foundational, sigir, 2020, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/c81c33fa85a33cc8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c81c33fa85a33cc8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT BGE embeddings publicly released on: 2023-08 by Beijing Academy of AI (BAAI). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c81c33fa85a33cc8.json. bge, baai, embeddings, open-weights, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/688dd4afb20004d9/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/688dd4afb20004d9/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Voyage AI embeddings founded in: 2023 — embedding-model-specialist company. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/688dd4afb20004d9.json. voyage-ai, embeddings, company, founded, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/b72213b923a20aef/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b72213b923a20aef/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Microsoft Phi-2 publicly released on: 2023-12-12 by Microsoft Research. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b72213b923a20aef.json. phi-2, microsoft, small-language-model, open-weights, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/cc5df3c14d35fa49/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/cc5df3c14d35fa49/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ARC-AGI benchmark introduced in: Chollet 2019 — abstraction and reasoning corpus. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/cc5df3c14d35fa49.json. arc-agi, chollet, benchmark, reasoning, foundational, 2019, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/b16b5f5297e5f621/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b16b5f5297e5f621/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT SWE-bench introduced in: Jimenez et al. 2024 — software engineering benchmark from GitHub issues. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b16b5f5297e5f621.json. swe-bench, princeton, benchmark, coding, evaluation, introduced_in, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4a3a3cee8a870a0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4a3a3cee8a870a0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Claude Code publicly released on: 2025-02-24 by Anthropic — coding agent CLI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a4a3a3cee8a870a0.json. claude-code, anthropic, coding-agent, cli, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/aad113f4c2a8d91a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/aad113f4c2a8d91a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI Operator publicly released on: 2025-01-23 by OpenAI — agentic browser-control agent. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/aad113f4c2a8d91a.json. operator, openai, browser-agent, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/232df1b22ed7dca3/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/232df1b22ed7dca3/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Grok 3 publicly released on: 2025-02-17 by xAI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/232df1b22ed7dca3.json. grok-3, xai, reasoning, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f4947559ff0fa9ed/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f4947559ff0fa9ed/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Hume AI founded in: 2021 — empathic voice AI company. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f4947559ff0fa9ed.json. hume-ai, voice-ai, empathic-ai, company, founded, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/26eb0cf42f27e99f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/26eb0cf42f27e99f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Tülu 3 publicly released on: 2024-11-21 by Allen Institute for AI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/26eb0cf42f27e99f.json. tulu-3, allenai, ai2, open-source, post-training, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/58a9c41f05c73a22/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/58a9c41f05c73a22/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GraphRAG introduced in: Edge et al. 2024 — Microsoft Research knowledge-graph RAG. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/58a9c41f05c73a22.json. graphrag, microsoft, rag, knowledge-graph, foundational, 2024, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/28fc7ec640867670/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/28fc7ec640867670/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GenAI Apps SDK (Anthropic) publicly released on: 2024-09-12 — Message Batches API by Anthropic. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/28fc7ec640867670.json. message-batches, anthropic, batch-api, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/3e59ec5e21c388a4/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/3e59ec5e21c388a4/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI Batch API publicly released on: 2024-04-15 by OpenAI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/3e59ec5e21c388a4.json. batch-api, openai, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/fb951562646ce23f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/fb951562646ce23f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Cohere Command R+ publicly released on: 2024-04-04 by Cohere. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/fb951562646ce23f.json. command-r-plus, cohere, open-weights, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/c38640f829d1f8ca/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c38640f829d1f8ca/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Citations API publicly released on: 2025-01-23 by Anthropic — built-in source citations. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c38640f829d1f8ca.json. citations-api, anthropic, grounding, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a38bd7c4ac1e3ca9/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a38bd7c4ac1e3ca9/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI Structured Outputs publicly released on: 2024-08-06 — guaranteed JSON Schema conformance. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a38bd7c4ac1e3ca9.json. structured-outputs, openai, json-schema, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/db9dde664b4483da/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/db9dde664b4483da/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Stable Diffusion XL (SDXL) publicly released on: 2023-07-26 by Stability AI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/db9dde664b4483da.json. sdxl, stable-diffusion-xl, stability-ai, text-to-image, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/902b86707095e3f6/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/902b86707095e3f6/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT PyTorch Lightning publicly released on: 2019-03-31 by William Falcon. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/902b86707095e3f6.json. pytorch-lightning, lightning-ai, framework, open-source, released_on, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/65cf2245158dd9c2/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/65cf2245158dd9c2/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Outlines publicly released on: 2023-06 by .txt (dottxt-ai) — structured generation library. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/65cf2245158dd9c2.json. outlines, dottxt, structured-generation, library, open-source, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/22e12bfbe7770657/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/22e12bfbe7770657/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Kaplan scaling laws introduced in paper: Kaplan et al. 2020 — Scaling Laws for Neural Language Models. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/22e12bfbe7770657.json. kaplan-scaling-laws, scaling-laws, openai, kaplan, foundational, 2020, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/95193a0b79c777e8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/95193a0b79c777e8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ReAct prompting pattern introduced in: Yao et al. 2022 — synergizing reasoning and acting in language models. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/95193a0b79c777e8.json. react, yao, princeton, prompting, agent, foundational, iclr, 2022, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/fe4a0d68944f9e5e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/fe4a0d68944f9e5e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT RAG-Fusion popularized in: Adrian Raudaschl 2023 — multi-query reciprocal-rank-fusion variant of RAG. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/fe4a0d68944f9e5e.json. rag-fusion, raudaschl, rag, retrieval, 2023, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/326d6dd16bd353d1/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/326d6dd16bd353d1/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT CRAG (Corrective RAG) introduced in: Yan et al. 2024 — corrective retrieval-augmented generation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/326d6dd16bd353d1.json. crag, corrective-rag, ustc, google, rag, foundational, 2024, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/a8503ad535423b54/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a8503ad535423b54/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Chain-of-Thought (CoT) introduced in: Wei et al. 2022 — Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a8503ad535423b54.json. chain-of-thought, cot, wei, google-brain, prompting, reasoning, foundational, neurips, 2022, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/badcfc0b4bb997f1/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/badcfc0b4bb997f1/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Galactica publicly released on: 2022-11-15 by Meta AI — scientific LLM (withdrawn after 3 days). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/badcfc0b4bb997f1.json. galactica, meta-ai, scientific-llm, released_on, withdrawn, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/fb9a06ffca4277c1/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/fb9a06ffca4277c1/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT PEFT (parameter-efficient fine-tuning) popularized in: Houlsby et al. 2019 — Adapter Modules + downstream PEFT library. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/fb9a06ffca4277c1.json. peft, adapters, fine-tuning, huggingface, foundational, icml, 2019, introduced_in https://sourcescore.org/claims/bc0482b2746e1496/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bc0482b2746e1496/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Stable LM publicly released on: 2023-04-19 by Stability AI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bc0482b2746e1496.json. stable-lm, stability-ai, open-weights, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/439e60287fb5fef4/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/439e60287fb5fef4/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Falcon LLM publicly released on: 2023-05-23 by Technology Innovation Institute (TII). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/439e60287fb5fef4.json. falcon, tii, abu-dhabi, open-weights, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/67bc6f4d2e49b32c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/67bc6f4d2e49b32c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Yi (01.AI) publicly released on: 2023-11-05 by 01.AI (Kai-Fu Lee). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/67bc6f4d2e49b32c.json. yi, 01-ai, kai-fu-lee, open-weights, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/21cb9a91d350ce7b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/21cb9a91d350ce7b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT LangGraph publicly released on: 2024-01-17 by LangChain — agent-graph framework. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/21cb9a91d350ce7b.json. langgraph, langchain, agent-framework, open-source, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f2bd1020da048ee8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f2bd1020da048ee8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral Codestral publicly released on: 2024-05-29 by Mistral AI — code-specialized model. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f2bd1020da048ee8.json. codestral, mistral, coding-model, open-weights, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/88ff5918737d7b6b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/88ff5918737d7b6b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT LMArena (Chatbot Arena) founded in: 2023 — LMSYS Chatbot Arena → LMArena.ai 2024. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/88ff5918737d7b6b.json. lmarena, chatbot-arena, lmsys, evaluation, elo-rating, benchmark, founded, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/c47d097cc3bceaaa/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c47d097cc3bceaaa/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Fireworks AI founded in: 2022 — fast inference for open-source models. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c47d097cc3bceaaa.json. fireworks-ai, inference, company, founded, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/89dfd066ec1914f7/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/89dfd066ec1914f7/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral Small 3 publicly released on: 2025-01-30 by Mistral AI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/89dfd066ec1914f7.json. mistral-small-3, mistral, open-weights, apache-license, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/0bc0ab0f17ac640e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/0bc0ab0f17ac640e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI Codex (2025 cloud agent) publicly released on: 2025-05-16 — software-engineering agent in ChatGPT cloud. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/0bc0ab0f17ac640e.json. codex-2025, openai, coding-agent, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a47cef03b39df7bd/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a47cef03b39df7bd/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT DeepSeek-V2 publicly released on: 2024-05-07 by DeepSeek — MoE 236B-parameter open model. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a47cef03b39df7bd.json. deepseek-v2, deepseek, moe, open-weights, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/b984609bd3ac9937/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b984609bd3ac9937/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT BabyAGI publicly released on: 2023-04-03 by Yohei Nakajima — early autonomous-agent demo. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b984609bd3ac9937.json. babyagi, nakajima, autonomous-agent, foundational, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/98fd317b5b0df872/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/98fd317b5b0df872/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AutoGPT publicly released on: 2023-03-30 by Toran Bruce Richards — open-source autonomous agent. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/98fd317b5b0df872.json. autogpt, richards, autonomous-agent, foundational, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/c1981a2aca51adcf/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c1981a2aca51adcf/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Vercel AI SDK publicly released on: 2023-06-14 by Vercel — TypeScript-first AI app framework. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c1981a2aca51adcf.json. vercel-ai-sdk, vercel, framework, typescript, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/76fbc25b0ccc021c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/76fbc25b0ccc021c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT NVIDIA Nemotron-4 340B publicly released on: 2024-06-14 by NVIDIA — 340B-parameter open-weight model optimized for synthetic data generation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/76fbc25b0ccc021c.json. nemotron, nvidia, open-weight, synthetic-data, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/99dd55855842a561/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/99dd55855842a561/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Cohere Aya 23 publicly released on: 2024-05-22 by Cohere For AI — multilingual model covering 23 languages. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/99dd55855842a561.json. aya-23, cohere, multilingual, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a41ff9e64baa566f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a41ff9e64baa566f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT LongBench introduced in paper: LongBench: A Bilingual, Multitask Benchmark for Long Context Understanding (Bai et al., THU + Zhipu AI 2023-08-28). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a41ff9e64baa566f.json. longbench, thu, benchmark, long-context, evaluation, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/16ad8de26aee4424/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/16ad8de26aee4424/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral Pixtral 12B publicly released on: 2024-09-11 by Mistral AI — 12B multimodal vision-language model, Apache 2.0. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/16ad8de26aee4424.json. pixtral, mistral, multimodal, vision-language, apache-2, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/34ccd18a9fbc50d2/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/34ccd18a9fbc50d2/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Google Gemma 2 publicly released on: 2024-06-27 by Google DeepMind — Gemma 2 family (9B + 27B), Gemma terms. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/34ccd18a9fbc50d2.json. gemma-2, google, deepmind, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/2e98d9bb149590fc/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2e98d9bb149590fc/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT NVIDIA NIM publicly released on: 2024-03-18 by NVIDIA — inference microservices for foundation models. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2e98d9bb149590fc.json. nim, nvidia, inference, microservices, infrastructure, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/b703e1506d919ee9/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b703e1506d919ee9/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AWS Bedrock publicly released on: 2023-09-28 by Amazon — managed-service API for foundation models (GA 2023-09-28; preview 2023-04-13). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b703e1506d919ee9.json. aws-bedrock, amazon, managed-service, multi-provider-api, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/584f8ea427dfdedf/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/584f8ea427dfdedf/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT xAI Grok-2 publicly released on: 2024-08-14 by xAI — Grok-2 + Grok-2 mini release on the X platform. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/584f8ea427dfdedf.json. grok-2, xai, frontier-model, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/035eaae4aa32e74d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/035eaae4aa32e74d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT DeepSeek-V3 publicly released on: 2024-12-26 by DeepSeek AI — 671B-parameter MoE (37B active), open weights. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/035eaae4aa32e74d.json. deepseek-v3, deepseek, moe, open-weight, frontier-model, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/21f5dc2da6ace5e8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/21f5dc2da6ace5e8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Meta SAM 2 publicly released on: 2024-07-29 by Meta AI — Segment Anything Model 2, real-time video segmentation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/21f5dc2da6ace5e8.json. sam-2, meta, segmentation, vision, video, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/2855cd7417bd01bc/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2855cd7417bd01bc/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral Nemo publicly released on: 2024-07-18 by Mistral AI + NVIDIA — 12B model with 128k context, Apache 2.0. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2855cd7417bd01bc.json. mistral-nemo, mistral, nvidia, open-weight, long-context, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/57c9272a3e7cb435/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/57c9272a3e7cb435/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Claude 3.7 Sonnet publicly released on: 2025-02-24 by Anthropic — first hybrid-reasoning model with optional extended-thinking mode. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/57c9272a3e7cb435.json. claude-3-7-sonnet, anthropic, hybrid-reasoning, frontier-model, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/06495ee9ebd5481e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/06495ee9ebd5481e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AlphaCode 2 publicly released on: 2023-12-06 by Google DeepMind — code-generation system performing better than 85% of Codeforces competitors. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/06495ee9ebd5481e.json. alphacode-2, google-deepmind, code-generation, gemini-powered, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/31bf31a9f5c022d3/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/31bf31a9f5c022d3/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Suno v4 publicly released on: 2024-11-19 by Suno — improved music generation, longer outputs, audio remastering. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/31bf31a9f5c022d3.json. suno-v4, suno, music-generation, audio, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/cde195f164c6fcc7/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/cde195f164c6fcc7/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AI Index Report 2024 publicly released on: 2024-04-15 by Stanford HAI — 7th annual report measuring AI trends across research, industry, ethics, education, policy. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/cde195f164c6fcc7.json. ai-index, stanford-hai, report, benchmark-meta, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/494f2bf84f0e5dd2/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/494f2bf84f0e5dd2/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT HELM introduced in paper: Holistic Evaluation of Language Models (Liang et al., Stanford CRFM 2022-11-16). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/494f2bf84f0e5dd2.json. helm, stanford-crfm, benchmark, holistic-evaluation, foundational, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d7445da07b77b8ae/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d7445da07b77b8ae/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Google Veo 2 publicly released on: 2024-12-16 by Google DeepMind — 4K text-to-video generation, improved physics + cinematography. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d7445da07b77b8ae.json. veo-2, google-deepmind, video-generation, 4k, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/64f231c18b7b0560/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/64f231c18b7b0560/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI o3 announced on: 2024-12-20 by OpenAI — frontier reasoning model successor to o1, breakthrough on ARC-AGI eval (87.5%). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/64f231c18b7b0560.json. o3, openai, reasoning-model, arc-agi, frontier-model, announced_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d4cb609c49ae0280/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d4cb609c49ae0280/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT NVIDIA Project DIGITS announced on: 2025-01-06 by NVIDIA — personal AI supercomputer with GB10 Grace Blackwell chip, $3000 starting price. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d4cb609c49ae0280.json. project-digits, nvidia, ai-hardware, grace-blackwell, personal-ai, announced_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/c2763c2c2bf08193/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c2763c2c2bf08193/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Claude for Education publicly released on: 2025-04-02 by Anthropic — Learning mode + Claude API for education institutions + Northeastern + LSE + Champlain partnerships. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c2763c2c2bf08193.json. claude-for-education, anthropic, education, learning-mode, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/de5f8a68ffb4cb9d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/de5f8a68ffb4cb9d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Hugging Face SmolLM publicly released on: 2024-07-16 by Hugging Face — small-LM family (135M/360M/1.7B) optimized for on-device inference. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/de5f8a68ffb4cb9d.json. smollm, hugging-face, small-lm, on-device, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/06003fb813caf474/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/06003fb813caf474/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Genmo Mochi 1 publicly released on: 2024-10-22 by Genmo — open-weight text-to-video diffusion model, 10B parameters. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/06003fb813caf474.json. mochi-1, genmo, video-generation, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/981662c18b08c628/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/981662c18b08c628/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Inflection AI founded in: 2022 by Mustafa Suleyman, Reid Hoffman, Karén Simonyan — consumer-AI company; creator of Pi assistant. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/981662c18b08c628.json. inflection-ai, suleyman, hoffman, simonyan, company-history, pi-assistant, founded_in, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/7b392a8d3332896f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/7b392a8d3332896f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Character AI founded in: 2021 by Noam Shazeer + Daniel De Freitas (former Google LaMDA team) — consumer chatbot platform. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/7b392a8d3332896f.json. character-ai, shazeer, de-freitas, lamda-team, company-history, founded_in, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/8e33113147c2f543/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8e33113147c2f543/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Adept AI founded in: 2022 by David Luan + Niki Parmar + Ashish Vaswani — agent-AI company building action transformer models. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8e33113147c2f543.json. adept-ai, luan, parmar, vaswani, agent-company, act-1, founded_in, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/77552d2d7796ed7c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/77552d2d7796ed7c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral Saba publicly released on: 2025-02-17 by Mistral AI — 24B model optimized for Arabic + South Asian languages. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/77552d2d7796ed7c.json. mistral-saba, mistral, arabic, south-asian, multilingual, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/bffa9a720c420248/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bffa9a720c420248/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Tencent Hunyuan-Large publicly released on: 2024-11-05 by Tencent — 389B-parameter open-weight MoE (52B active). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bffa9a720c420248.json. hunyuan-large, tencent, moe, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/bd9e6a7e9395cdc0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bd9e6a7e9395cdc0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Allen AI OLMo 2 publicly released on: 2024-11-26 by Allen Institute for AI — fully-open 7B + 13B models with full training data, code, recipes. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bd9e6a7e9395cdc0.json. olmo-2, allen-ai, fully-open, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d06631e4705db25d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d06631e4705db25d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT IBM Granite publicly released on: 2024-05-09 by IBM — open-weight enterprise-AI model family (3B/8B/13B/20B/34B), Apache 2.0. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d06631e4705db25d.json. granite, ibm, enterprise-ai, apache-2, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/4bacee2c8f1f004c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4bacee2c8f1f004c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT AI21 Jamba publicly released on: 2024-03-28 by AI21 Labs — first production-grade hybrid SSM-Transformer (Mamba + Transformer) model, 52B/12B active. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4bacee2c8f1f004c.json. jamba, ai21, ssm-transformer, mamba, hybrid-architecture, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/8b8ff1a29ec72daa/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8b8ff1a29ec72daa/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Meta Llama 3.2 Vision publicly released on: 2024-09-25 by Meta — 11B + 90B vision-language variants of Llama 3.2. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8b8ff1a29ec72daa.json. llama-3-2-vision, meta, vision-language, multimodal, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/dc1848333261768b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/dc1848333261768b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI o4-mini publicly released on: 2025-04-16 by OpenAI — successor to o3-mini reasoning model with multimodal input + tool use. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/dc1848333261768b.json. o4-mini, openai, reasoning-model, multimodal, tool-use, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f8dedb74e1f4c24c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f8dedb74e1f4c24c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral Le Chat publicly released on: 2024-02-26 by Mistral AI — consumer chat assistant interface to Mistral models. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f8dedb74e1f4c24c.json. le-chat, mistral, consumer-chat, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/2f9c856fbdd1a2c7/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2f9c856fbdd1a2c7/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Cohere Embed v4 publicly released on: 2025-04-09 by Cohere — multimodal embedding model, 256k context support, 100+ languages. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2f9c856fbdd1a2c7.json. embed-v4, cohere, embeddings, multimodal, rag, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/c1951f83b6705727/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c1951f83b6705727/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Stability AI Stable Diffusion 3.5 publicly released on: 2024-10-22 by Stability AI — SD 3.5 Large (8B) + Medium + Large Turbo open-weight image generation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c1951f83b6705727.json. sd-3-5, stability-ai, text-to-image, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/e10249c02a470237/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e10249c02a470237/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Langfuse founded in: 2022 by Marc Klingen + Max Deichmann + Clemens Rawert — open-source LLM observability + tracing platform. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e10249c02a470237.json. langfuse, observability, tracing, open-source, yc-w23, company-history, founded_in, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a832aaba30ee658e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a832aaba30ee658e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Google Gemma 3 publicly released on: 2025-03-12 by Google DeepMind — Gemma 3 family (1B/4B/12B/27B), 128k context, multimodal vision. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a832aaba30ee658e.json. gemma-3, google, deepmind, open-weight, multimodal, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d213c9da3c640697/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d213c9da3c640697/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT LangFlow publicly released on: 2023-02-04 by Logspace — open-source visual builder for LangChain workflows. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d213c9da3c640697.json. langflow, langchain, visual-builder, open-source, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/bc80872c632bf77e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bc80872c632bf77e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Vellum AI founded in: 2023 by Akash Sharma + Sidd Seethepalli + Noa Flaherty — LLM application development platform (YC W23). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bc80872c632bf77e.json. vellum-ai, llm-platform, yc-w23, company-history, founded_in, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a3fec2abf9eaadd8/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a3fec2abf9eaadd8/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Helicone founded in: 2022 by Justin Torre + Cole Gottdank + Scott Nguyen — open-source LLM observability + analytics (YC W23). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a3fec2abf9eaadd8.json. helicone, observability, open-source, yc-w23, company-history, founded_in, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/9b32fe5b56586a92/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9b32fe5b56586a92/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Bolt.new publicly released on: 2024-10 by StackBlitz — AI web app builder generating full-stack apps from natural-language prompts. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9b32fe5b56586a92.json. bolt-new, stackblitz, ai-coding, web-builder, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f785cf2844a30ad3/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f785cf2844a30ad3/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Lovable founded in: 2023 by Anton Osika + Fabian Hedin — AI app builder evolved from GPT-Engineer (Stockholm). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f785cf2844a30ad3.json. lovable, gpt-engineer, osika, ai-coding, company-history, founded_in, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/2764b12afd26d624/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2764b12afd26d624/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Windsurf publicly released on: 2024-11-13 by Codeium — AI-native IDE editor (renamed from Codeium IDE), forked from VSCode. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2764b12afd26d624.json. windsurf, codeium, ai-ide, vscode-fork, agentic-coding, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/599668ba56c91952/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/599668ba56c91952/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Claude Sonnet 4.5 publicly released on: 2025-09-29 by Anthropic — production model improvements over Sonnet 4 with extended-thinking + better coding. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 90%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/599668ba56c91952.json. claude-sonnet-4-5, anthropic, frontier-model, extended-thinking, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f8fb76bf3685dcae/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f8fb76bf3685dcae/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT NotebookLM publicly released on: 2023-07-12 by Google Labs — AI research assistant grounding responses in user-uploaded source material. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f8fb76bf3685dcae.json. notebooklm, google, rag, research-assistant, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/ea8efc5e58903e43/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ea8efc5e58903e43/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Suno v3 publicly released on: 2024-03-21 by Suno — improved music generation (full 2-minute songs, lyrics + instrumentation). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ea8efc5e58903e43.json. suno-v3, suno, music-generation, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f94e95125f14925b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f94e95125f14925b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Microsoft Copilot Studio publicly released on: 2023-11-15 by Microsoft — low-code platform for building custom enterprise AI copilots. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f94e95125f14925b.json. copilot-studio, microsoft, enterprise-ai, low-code, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/be7eb46d8cbc9f42/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/be7eb46d8cbc9f42/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Continue.dev publicly released on: 2023-07-26 by Continue Dev Inc — open-source AI coding assistant (VS Code + JetBrains extensions). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/be7eb46d8cbc9f42.json. continue-dev, ai-coding, open-source, vscode, jetbrains, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/8d00de112229babb/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8d00de112229babb/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Vercel v0 publicly released on: 2023-10-31 by Vercel — AI tool generating React + Tailwind UI from text prompts. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8d00de112229babb.json. v0, vercel, generative-ui, ai-coding, react, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/fdf293ee05e8168d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/fdf293ee05e8168d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Google AI Studio publicly released on: 2023-12-13 by Google — developer playground for Gemini API + prompt engineering UI. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/fdf293ee05e8168d.json. google-ai-studio, google, gemini, developer-tool, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/32e42b3552f73fe2/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/32e42b3552f73fe2/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Skills publicly released on: 2025-10-16 by Anthropic — Claude can use named skills (curated capability packs). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 90%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/32e42b3552f73fe2.json. anthropic-skills, anthropic, agent-capabilities, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/7dfdd873ebc5d9ed/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/7dfdd873ebc5d9ed/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ChatGPT Atlas publicly released on: 2025-10-21 by OpenAI — AI-native web browser with built-in ChatGPT agent. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 90%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/7dfdd873ebc5d9ed.json. chatgpt-atlas, openai, ai-browser, agent, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/80c9dd42733967cd/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/80c9dd42733967cd/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral Magistral publicly released on: 2025-06-10 by Mistral AI — first Mistral reasoning model (Magistral Small open-weight + Medium API). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/80c9dd42733967cd.json. magistral, mistral, reasoning-model, open-weight, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/288c8e0043942285/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/288c8e0043942285/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Black Forest Labs Flux.1 Kontext publicly released on: 2025-05-29 by Black Forest Labs — image generation with in-context editing (text + image input). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/288c8e0043942285.json. flux-kontext, black-forest-labs, image-editing, multimodal, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f43580522aad015d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f43580522aad015d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Cohere Command A publicly released on: 2025-03-13 by Cohere — flagship enterprise model with 256k context, agentic workflows focus. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f43580522aad015d.json. command-a, cohere, enterprise-ai, agentic, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/814ade863cd3f395/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/814ade863cd3f395/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Stability AI Stable Video 4D publicly released on: 2024-07-24 by Stability AI — first model generating dynamic novel-view synthesis (4D = 3D + time) from single video input. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/814ade863cd3f395.json. stable-video-4d, stability-ai, video-generation, novel-view-synthesis, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/afc55f890c5d347c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/afc55f890c5d347c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Tencent Hunyuan Video publicly released on: 2024-12-04 by Tencent — 13B-parameter open-weight text-to-video model. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/afc55f890c5d347c.json. hunyuan-video, tencent, video-generation, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/1853e2c2c1277656/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/1853e2c2c1277656/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ByteDance Doubao 1.5 Pro publicly released on: 2025-01-22 by ByteDance — MoE LLM matching GPT-4o quality on Chinese benchmarks, lower inference cost. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 85%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/1853e2c2c1277656.json. doubao-1-5-pro, bytedance, moe, chinese-llm, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/324729606bd6df3c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/324729606bd6df3c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Krea AI founded in: 2023 by Diego Rodriguez + Victor Perez — real-time AI image generation + creative tooling. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/324729606bd6df3c.json. krea-ai, image-generation, real-time, company-history, founded_in, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4d1de53a97a75a5/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4d1de53a97a75a5/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT ElevenLabs Conversational AI publicly released on: 2024-11-19 by ElevenLabs — voice-to-voice agent platform combining ASR + LLM + TTS in single API. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a4d1de53a97a75a5.json. elevenlabs-conversational, elevenlabs, voice-agent, asr-llm-tts, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/cc5cf53dd3b1f03f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/cc5cf53dd3b1f03f/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT xAI Grok 4 publicly released on: 2025-07-09 by xAI — Grok 4 frontier model + Grok 4 Heavy multi-agent variant. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 90%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/cc5cf53dd3b1f03f.json. grok-4, xai, frontier-model, multi-agent, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4d64a4b3ca446fd/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4d64a4b3ca446fd/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Claude Memory publicly released on: 2025-09 by Anthropic — Claude memory referencing past chats (Team Sep 11 2025; Enterprise Sep 18 2025; Pro & Max Oct 23 2025; all plans Mar 2 2026). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 90%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a4d64a4b3ca446fd.json. claude-memory, anthropic, persistent-memory, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/4dd7b4def580a08b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/4dd7b4def580a08b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral OCR publicly released on: 2025-03-06 by Mistral AI — document-understanding OCR model with high-fidelity table + math extraction. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/4dd7b4def580a08b.json. mistral-ocr, mistral, document-ai, ocr, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/539dd3db16168dd3/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/539dd3db16168dd3/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenAI Sora 2 publicly released on: 2025-09-30 by OpenAI — Sora 2 text-to-video with synchronized audio + improved physics fidelity. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 90%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/539dd3db16168dd3.json. sora-2, openai, video-generation, audio-sync, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/ff214ffd0c6eda99/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ff214ffd0c6eda99/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Google Imagen 4 publicly released on: 2025-05-20 by Google DeepMind — Imagen 4 text-to-image with significantly improved text rendering. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 90%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ff214ffd0c6eda99.json. imagen-4, google-deepmind, text-to-image, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/25e17b81487f4bf7/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/25e17b81487f4bf7/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Inception Labs Mercury publicly released on: 2025-02-26 by Inception Labs — first commercial diffusion LLM (dLLM), Mercury Coder Small + Mini. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/25e17b81487f4bf7.json. mercury, inception-labs, diffusion-llm, novel-architecture, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d5836ef4cc0e8a20/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d5836ef4cc0e8a20/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Files API publicly released on: 2025-03-25 by Anthropic — file upload + reference API for Claude, supports PDF + image + spreadsheet. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 85%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d5836ef4cc0e8a20.json. anthropic-files-api, anthropic, file-upload, multimodal, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/1317fa4fd47a7de1/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/1317fa4fd47a7de1/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Stability AI Stable Audio 2.0 publicly released on: 2024-04-03 by Stability AI — Stable Audio 2.0 long-form music + sound effects from text prompts. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/1317fa4fd47a7de1.json. stable-audio, stability-ai, text-to-audio, music-generation, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/e3a0e94cbeffe2c4/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e3a0e94cbeffe2c4/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Cohere Aya Vision publicly released on: 2025-03-04 by Cohere For AI — multilingual open-weight vision-language models (8B + 32B), 23 languages. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e3a0e94cbeffe2c4.json. aya-vision, cohere, multilingual, vision-language, open-weight, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/dccd22fd257e6d6d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/dccd22fd257e6d6d/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Glean founded in: 2019 by Arvind Jain + T.R. Vishwanath + Tony Gentilcore + Piyush Prahladka — enterprise AI work assistant (search + agents). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/dccd22fd257e6d6d.json. glean, enterprise-ai, work-assistant, jain, company-history, founded_in, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f624095168fb0766/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f624095168fb0766/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Qwen 3 publicly released on: 2025-04-29 by Alibaba — Qwen 3 family (0.6B-235B), hybrid thinking mode, 128k context. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f624095168fb0766.json. qwen-3, alibaba, open-weight, hybrid-thinking, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/190b214919bf5cde/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/190b214919bf5cde/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Magentic-One publicly released on: 2024-11-04 by Microsoft Research — generalist multi-agent system built on AutoGen. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/190b214919bf5cde.json. magentic-one, microsoft-research, multi-agent, autogen, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/cd1056deef1c0597/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/cd1056deef1c0597/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Microsoft Phi-4 Multimodal publicly released on: 2025-02-26 by Microsoft — Phi-4-multimodal 5.6B parameters with audio + image + text. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/cd1056deef1c0597.json. phi-4-multimodal, microsoft, small-lm, multimodal, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/ecf617a1457e6ede/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ecf617a1457e6ede/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Snowflake Arctic publicly released on: 2024-04-24 by Snowflake — 480B-parameter MoE LLM (17B active), Apache 2.0. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ecf617a1457e6ede.json. arctic, snowflake, moe, enterprise, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/bbffd3da8c5258aa/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bbffd3da8c5258aa/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Databricks DBRX publicly released on: 2024-03-27 by Databricks — 132B-parameter MoE (36B active per token), Databricks Open Model License. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bbffd3da8c5258aa.json. dbrx, databricks, moe, open-weight, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/6569f95366abae46/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/6569f95366abae46/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Reka Core publicly released on: 2024-04-15 by Reka AI — frontier multimodal LLM (text + image + audio + video input). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/6569f95366abae46.json. reka-core, reka-ai, multimodal, frontier-model, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/9a2f6b1fb29ad505/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9a2f6b1fb29ad505/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Liquid AI LFM publicly released on: 2024-09-30 by Liquid AI — Liquid Foundation Models (LFM-1B/3B/40B) using novel non-Transformer architecture. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9a2f6b1fb29ad505.json. lfm, liquid-ai, novel-architecture, non-transformer, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/8d97e6d86549e569/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8d97e6d86549e569/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mistral Medium 3 publicly released on: 2025-05-07 by Mistral AI — Medium-tier proprietary model balancing cost + performance. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8d97e6d86549e569.json. mistral-medium-3, mistral, enterprise, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/dc2a0606a47f3ac4/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/dc2a0606a47f3ac4/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Allen AI Molmo publicly released on: 2024-09-25 by Allen Institute for AI — fully-open multimodal VLM family (1B/7B/72B), Apache 2.0. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/dc2a0606a47f3ac4.json. molmo, allen-ai, fully-open, vision-language, multimodal, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/6621efa92dc14702/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/6621efa92dc14702/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Replit Ghostwriter publicly released on: 2022-10-26 by Replit — AI pair-programmer (renamed Replit AI in 2023). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/6621efa92dc14702.json. replit-ghostwriter, replit, ai-coding, released_on, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/22acd1a710e1dcad/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/22acd1a710e1dcad/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT xAI Colossus publicly released on: 2024-09-02 by xAI — 100,000-GPU H100 supercomputer (Memphis, TN) for training Grok models. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/22acd1a710e1dcad.json. colossus, xai, supercomputer, h100, ai-infrastructure, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/87407b8052918e59/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/87407b8052918e59/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Hugging Face Inference Endpoints publicly released on: 2022-09-27 by Hugging Face — managed inference deployment for any HF model. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/87407b8052918e59.json. hugging-face-inference-endpoints, hugging-face, managed-inference, released_on, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f351a84c1527348a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f351a84c1527348a/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Microsoft Copilot publicly released on: 2023-09-21 by Microsoft — consumer AI assistant (renamed from Bing Chat) integrated across Windows + Edge + Office. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f351a84c1527348a.json. microsoft-copilot, microsoft, consumer-ai, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a51600b7fa174a8e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a51600b7fa174a8e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Apple Foundation Models publicly released on: 2024-06-10 by Apple — Apple Intelligence foundation models announced at WWDC 2024 (on-device + Private Cloud Compute). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a51600b7fa174a8e.json. apple-foundation-models, apple, on-device, private-cloud-compute, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/5dfb0d4834bb27c0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/5dfb0d4834bb27c0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Meta Movie Gen publicly released on: 2024-10-04 by Meta AI — research preview of 30B-parameter text-to-video + 13B text-to-audio generation. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/5dfb0d4834bb27c0.json. movie-gen, meta, video-generation, audio-generation, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/6238d869e09eba4b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/6238d869e09eba4b/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT NVIDIA Cosmos publicly released on: 2025-01-06 by NVIDIA — World Foundation Models platform for physical AI + robotics + autonomous-vehicle training. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/6238d869e09eba4b.json. cosmos, nvidia, world-foundation-models, physical-ai, robotics, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/674b1f2ab047c55c/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/674b1f2ab047c55c/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT IBM Granite 3 publicly released on: 2024-10-21 by IBM — Granite 3 family (2B/8B + MoE variants), Apache 2.0 enterprise focus. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/674b1f2ab047c55c.json. granite-3, ibm, enterprise-ai, apache-2, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d23a0e0e0c05e5da/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d23a0e0e0c05e5da/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT NVIDIA Llama Nemotron publicly released on: 2025-03-18 by NVIDIA — Llama Nemotron family fine-tuned for reasoning + agentic workflows. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d23a0e0e0c05e5da.json. llama-nemotron, nvidia, reasoning-model, agentic, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/688a84a8d7211fc0/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/688a84a8d7211fc0/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Constitutional Classifiers publicly released on: 2025-02-04 by Anthropic — safeguard against jailbreaks via constitutional-trained input/output filters. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/688a84a8d7211fc0.json. constitutional-classifiers, anthropic, ai-safety, jailbreak-defense, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/bb84d2178934a0f6/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bb84d2178934a0f6/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Microsoft AutoGen publicly released on: 2023-09-25 by Microsoft Research — open-source framework for building multi-agent LLM systems. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bb84d2178934a0f6.json. autogen, microsoft-research, multi-agent, open-source, released_on, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/7f177f7f329a39e3/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/7f177f7f329a39e3/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Firecrawl publicly released on: 2024-04-15 by Mendable AI — web-scraping API converting any URL to LLM-ready markdown. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/7f177f7f329a39e3.json. firecrawl, mendable, web-scraping, llm-ready-markdown, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/805ca20c03f0797e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/805ca20c03f0797e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Exa founded in: 2021 by Will Bryk + Jeff Wang — AI-native search API (formerly Metaphor) for LLM retrieval. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/805ca20c03f0797e.json. exa, metaphor, ai-search, embedding-search, company-history, founded_in, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/3cabd56c2d4ac308/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/3cabd56c2d4ac308/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Jina AI founded in: 2020 by Han Xiao — open-source multimodal AI infrastructure (Jina Framework, Jina Embeddings, Reader API). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/3cabd56c2d4ac308.json. jina-ai, han-xiao, multimodal, open-source, company-history, founded_in, 2020 https://sourcescore.org/claims/e40cdeb9b02f70a7/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e40cdeb9b02f70a7/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Brave Search API publicly released on: 2022-03-22 by Brave Software — independent search index API for AI grounding + privacy-focused search. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e40cdeb9b02f70a7.json. brave-search-api, brave-software, search-api, ai-grounding, released_on, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/9d06ec4336f79b7e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9d06ec4336f79b7e/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Kagi Search founded in: 2018 by Vladimir Prelovac — paid private search engine + Kagi Assistant + Universal Summarizer (FastGPT). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9d06ec4336f79b7e.json. kagi, prelovac, private-search, ad-free, company-history, founded_in, 2018 https://sourcescore.org/claims/ab7b60b98d515ddc/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ab7b60b98d515ddc/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT OpenRouter founded in: 2023 by Alex Atallah — unified API gateway routing requests across 100+ LLM providers. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ab7b60b98d515ddc.json. openrouter, atallah, llm-gateway, multi-provider, company-history, founded_in, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f33bc9a6d1e921ad/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f33bc9a6d1e921ad/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Recraft founded in: 2022 by Anna Veronika Dorogush — text-to-image platform with brand-style consistency + vector + 3D output. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f33bc9a6d1e921ad.json. recraft, dorogush, text-to-image, design-tool, company-history, founded_in, 2022 https://sourcescore.org/claims/57b435dfa168fdb1/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/57b435dfa168fdb1/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Google Gemini 2.5 Flash publicly released on: 2025-04-09 by Google DeepMind — Gemini 2.5 Flash with controllable thinking budget + 1M context. Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 95%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/57b435dfa168fdb1.json. gemini-2-5-flash, google-deepmind, hybrid-reasoning, thinking-budget, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d7d0239ba8bc0c75/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d7d0239ba8bc0c75/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic ChatGPT Edu publicly released on: 2024-05-30 by OpenAI — ChatGPT Edu (university-focused tier with GPT-4o + admin controls). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 100%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d7d0239ba8bc0c75.json. chatgpt-edu, openai, education, enterprise-tier, released_on, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/b3cd9a0e18791267/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b3cd9a0e18791267/ Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anthropic Claude Haiku 4.5 publicly released on: 2025-10-16 by Anthropic — fast tier Claude 4.5 family (text + vision + extended thinking). Verified 2026-05-16. Confidence 85%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b3cd9a0e18791267.json. claude-haiku-4-5, anthropic, fast-tier, released_on, 2025 https://sourcescore.org/claims/3e9122ba60a3fe99/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/3e9122ba60a3fe99/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Grouped-Query Attention (GQA) introduced in paper: GQA: Training Generalized Multi-Query Transformer Models from Multi-Head Checkpoints (Ainslie et al., 2023). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/3e9122ba60a3fe99.json. gqa, grouped-query-attention, attention, transformer, inference, ainslie, 2023, emnlp https://sourcescore.org/claims/f73e50d63643df21/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f73e50d63643df21/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) introduced in paper: DeepSeekMath: Pushing the Limits of Mathematical Reasoning in Open Language Models (Shao et al., 2024). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f73e50d63643df21.json. grpo, group-relative-policy-optimization, deepseekmath, reinforcement-learning, rlhf, reasoning, shao, 2024, deepseek https://sourcescore.org/claims/26f75f130f7b395a/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/26f75f130f7b395a/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GPQA benchmark introduced in paper: GPQA: A Graduate-Level Google-Proof Q&A Benchmark (Rein et al., 2023). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/26f75f130f7b395a.json. gpqa, benchmark, evaluation, graduate-level, google-proof, reasoning, rein, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/dc1ccb567aff584d/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/dc1ccb567aff584d/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT GSM8K introduced in paper: Training Verifiers to Solve Math Word Problems (Cobbe et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/dc1ccb567aff584d.json. gsm8k, benchmark, dataset, math, word-problems, reasoning, openai, cobbe, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/8c1f847ae98570da/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8c1f847ae98570da/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT MATH dataset introduced in paper: Measuring Mathematical Problem Solving With the MATH Dataset (Hendrycks et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8c1f847ae98570da.json. math-dataset, benchmark, dataset, mathematics, competition, reasoning, hendrycks, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/b3f34e83dd0c53b9/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b3f34e83dd0c53b9/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT HellaSwag benchmark introduced in paper: HellaSwag: Can a Machine Really Finish Your Sentence? (Zellers et al., 2019). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b3f34e83dd0c53b9.json. hellaswag, benchmark, evaluation, commonsense, nli, zellers, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/824f830889daf33e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/824f830889daf33e/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT TruthfulQA benchmark introduced in paper: TruthfulQA: Measuring How Models Mimic Human Falsehoods (Lin et al., 2021). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/824f830889daf33e.json. truthfulqa, benchmark, evaluation, truthfulness, hallucination, lin, 2021 https://sourcescore.org/claims/bde28f6f7e14e0e9/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bde28f6f7e14e0e9/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT BIG-bench introduced in paper: Beyond the Imitation Game: Quantifying and extrapolating the capabilities of language models (Srivastava et al., 2022). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bde28f6f7e14e0e9.json. big-bench, bigbench, benchmark, evaluation, srivastava, 2022, google https://sourcescore.org/claims/ff0975d391b66a6f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ff0975d391b66a6f/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Odds Ratio Preference Optimization (ORPO) introduced in paper: ORPO: Monolithic Preference Optimization without Reference Model (Hong et al., 2024). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ff0975d391b66a6f.json. orpo, odds-ratio-preference-optimization, alignment, preference-optimization, rlhf, hong, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/c64636dc60b1216f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/c64636dc60b1216f/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT RMSNorm (Root Mean Square Layer Normalization) introduced in paper: Root Mean Square Layer Normalization (Zhang & Sennrich, 2019). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/c64636dc60b1216f.json. rmsnorm, root-mean-square-layer-normalization, normalization, layernorm, architecture, zhang, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4713632c335406b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/a4713632c335406b/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Kahneman-Tversky Optimization (KTO) introduced in paper: KTO: Model Alignment as Prospect Theoretic Optimization (Ethayarajh et al., 2024). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/a4713632c335406b.json. kto, kahneman-tversky-optimization, alignment, preference-optimization, rlhf, ethayarajh, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d47e9b204e1e73bd/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d47e9b204e1e73bd/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT Simple Preference Optimization (SimPO) introduced in paper: SimPO: Simple Preference Optimization with a Reference-Free Reward (Meng et al., 2024). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d47e9b204e1e73bd.json. simpo, simple-preference-optimization, alignment, preference-optimization, reference-free, meng, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/2df92e0b0e4c891b/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/2df92e0b0e4c891b/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT MMLU-Pro benchmark introduced in paper: MMLU-Pro: A More Robust and Challenging Multi-Task Language Understanding Benchmark (Wang et al., 2024). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/2df92e0b0e4c891b.json. mmlu-pro, benchmark, evaluation, reasoning, wang, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/786f534a9f79a3be/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/786f534a9f79a3be/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT FlashAttention-2 introduced in paper: FlashAttention-2: Faster Attention with Better Parallelism and Work Partitioning (Dao, 2023). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/786f534a9f79a3be.json. flashattention-2, flash-attention, attention, gpu, inference, dao, 2023 https://sourcescore.org/claims/b474cbe11ab65d51/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b474cbe11ab65d51/ Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT LiveCodeBench introduced in paper: LiveCodeBench: Holistic and Contamination Free Evaluation of Large Language Models for Code (Jain et al., 2024). Verified 2026-05-31. Confidence 92%. 3 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b474cbe11ab65d51.json. livecodebench, benchmark, evaluation, code, contamination-free, jain, 2024 https://sourcescore.org/claims/bbf65d37f2df1971/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/bbf65d37f2df1971/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Additive (Bahdanau) attention introduced in paper: Neural Machine Translation by Jointly Learning to Align and Translate (Bahdanau et al., 2014). Verified 2026-06-01. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/bbf65d37f2df1971.json. attention, bahdanau, alignment, neural-machine-translation, seq2seq, foundational, 2014 https://sourcescore.org/claims/fbd32ca73f2746c9/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/fbd32ca73f2746c9/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT GELU (Gaussian Error Linear Unit) introduced in paper: Gaussian Error Linear Units (GELUs) (Hendrycks & Gimpel, 2016). Verified 2026-06-01. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/fbd32ca73f2746c9.json. gelu, activation-function, hendrycks, gimpel, foundational, transformers, 2016 https://sourcescore.org/claims/139236c659c84aef/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/139236c659c84aef/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Neural Turing Machine introduced in paper: Neural Turing Machines (Graves et al., 2014). Verified 2026-06-01. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/139236c659c84aef.json. neural-turing-machine, memory-augmented, graves, deepmind, foundational, 2014 https://sourcescore.org/claims/42bcab03ff502de2/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/42bcab03ff502de2/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Pointer Networks introduced in paper: Pointer Networks (Vinyals et al., 2015). Verified 2026-06-01. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/42bcab03ff502de2.json. pointer-networks, attention, seq2seq, vinyals, foundational, 2015 https://sourcescore.org/claims/8927d20ad0b3849f/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/8927d20ad0b3849f/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Deep Q-Network (DQN) introduced in paper: Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learning (Mnih et al., 2013). Verified 2026-06-01. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/8927d20ad0b3849f.json. dqn, deep-reinforcement-learning, q-learning, atari, mnih, deepmind, foundational, 2013 https://sourcescore.org/claims/47f58a443dd825ac/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/47f58a443dd825ac/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Show and Tell (Neural Image Caption Generator) introduced in paper: Show and Tell: A Neural Image Caption Generator (Vinyals et al., 2014). Verified 2026-06-01. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/47f58a443dd825ac.json. show-and-tell, image-captioning, vision-language, vinyals, foundational, 2014 https://sourcescore.org/claims/9589ca28801022c9/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9589ca28801022c9/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT VGG (Very Deep Convolutional Networks) introduced in paper: Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition (Simonyan & Zisserman, 2014). Verified 2026-06-01. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9589ca28801022c9.json. vgg, convolutional-network, image-recognition, simonyan, zisserman, foundational, 2014 https://sourcescore.org/claims/df48aed8d0d51851/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/df48aed8d0d51851/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Highway Networks introduced in paper: Highway Networks (Srivastava, Greff, Schmidhuber, 2015). Verified 2026-06-01. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/df48aed8d0d51851.json. highway-networks, gating, very-deep-networks, srivastava, schmidhuber, foundational, 2015 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d3fb1fa51c64ed09/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d3fb1fa51c64ed09/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT GoogLeNet (Inception) introduced in paper: Going Deeper with Convolutions (Szegedy et al., 2014). Verified 2026-06-01. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d3fb1fa51c64ed09.json. googlenet, inception, convolutional-network, imagenet, ilsvrc-2014, szegedy, foundational, 2014 https://sourcescore.org/claims/ac850ae963368396/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/ac850ae963368396/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT YOLO (You Only Look Once) introduced in paper: You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object Detection (Redmon et al., 2015). Verified 2026-06-01. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/ac850ae963368396.json. yolo, object-detection, real-time, redmon, girshick, foundational, 2015 https://sourcescore.org/claims/9b21377fcab5dd64/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9b21377fcab5dd64/ Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT WaveNet introduced in paper: WaveNet: A Generative Model for Raw Audio (van den Oord et al., 2016). Verified 2026-06-01. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9b21377fcab5dd64.json. wavenet, audio-generation, dilated-convolutions, deepmind, van-den-oord, foundational, 2016 https://sourcescore.org/claims/b93bddc35c1a22a6/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/b93bddc35c1a22a6/ Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT DenseNet (Densely Connected Convolutional Networks) introduced in paper: Densely Connected Convolutional Networks (Huang et al., 2016). Verified 2026-06-02. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/b93bddc35c1a22a6.json. densenet, convolutional-network, feature-reuse, huang, weinberger, foundational, 2016 https://sourcescore.org/claims/9e2b45736210b8a4/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/9e2b45736210b8a4/ Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Faster R-CNN introduced in paper: Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks (Ren et al., 2015). Verified 2026-06-02. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/9e2b45736210b8a4.json. faster-rcnn, object-detection, region-proposal-network, rpn, ren, girshick, foundational, 2015 https://sourcescore.org/claims/927b56032c69c6e5/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/927b56032c69c6e5/ Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Mask R-CNN introduced in paper: Mask R-CNN (He et al., 2017). Verified 2026-06-02. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/927b56032c69c6e5.json. mask-rcnn, instance-segmentation, object-detection, he, girshick, foundational, 2017 https://sourcescore.org/claims/7c050ea8dac8797e/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/7c050ea8dac8797e/ Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT ALBERT introduced in paper: ALBERT: A Lite BERT for Self-supervised Learning of Language Representations (Lan et al., 2019). Verified 2026-06-02. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/7c050ea8dac8797e.json. albert, bert, language-model, parameter-reduction, lan, google, foundational, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/f777d78b0ddbdaec/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/f777d78b0ddbdaec/ Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Adadelta introduced in paper: ADADELTA: An Adaptive Learning Rate Method (Zeiler, 2012). Verified 2026-06-02. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/f777d78b0ddbdaec.json. adadelta, optimizer, adaptive-learning-rate, gradient-descent, zeiler, foundational, 2012 https://sourcescore.org/claims/5d5408d170cebe41/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/5d5408d170cebe41/ Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Maxout introduced in paper: Maxout Networks (Goodfellow et al., 2013). Verified 2026-06-02. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/5d5408d170cebe41.json. maxout, activation-function, dropout, goodfellow, bengio, foundational, 2013 https://sourcescore.org/claims/e19ab9089aadf1f5/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/e19ab9089aadf1f5/ Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT PixelRNN introduced in paper: Pixel Recurrent Neural Networks (van den Oord et al., 2016). Verified 2026-06-02. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/e19ab9089aadf1f5.json. pixelrnn, autoregressive, image-generation, generative-model, van-den-oord, deepmind, foundational, 2016 https://sourcescore.org/claims/85830e585d195157/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/85830e585d195157/ Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Capsule Networks introduced in paper: Dynamic Routing Between Capsules (Sabour et al., 2017). Verified 2026-06-02. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/85830e585d195157.json. capsule-networks, capsnet, dynamic-routing, sabour, hinton, foundational, 2017 https://sourcescore.org/claims/d8983079997f21c6/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/d8983079997f21c6/ Fri, 19 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT XLNet introduced in paper: XLNet: Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding (Yang et al., 2019). Verified 2026-06-19. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/d8983079997f21c6.json. xlnet, generalized-autoregressive-pretraining, permutation-language-modeling, bidirectional-context, nlp, pretraining, 2019 https://sourcescore.org/claims/1783cda1b5f622e7/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/1783cda1b5f622e7/ Fri, 19 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT BigBird introduced in paper: Big Bird: Transformers for Longer Sequences (Zaheer et al., 2020). Verified 2026-06-19. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/1783cda1b5f622e7.json. bigbird, big-bird, sparse-attention, long-sequences, transformers, nlp, 2020 https://sourcescore.org/claims/7cbe7b535b211862/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/7cbe7b535b211862/ Fri, 19 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT DeBERTa introduced in paper: DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled Attention (He et al., 2020). Verified 2026-06-19. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/7cbe7b535b211862.json. deberta, disentangled-attention, enhanced-mask-decoder, bert, roberta, nlp, 2020 https://sourcescore.org/claims/5739ea06ced93de9/ https://sourcescore.org/claims/5739ea06ced93de9/ Fri, 19 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT Megatron-LM introduced in paper: Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism (Shoeybi et al., 2019). Verified 2026-06-19. Confidence 82%. 2 primary sources. HMAC-SHA256 signed envelope at https://sourcescore.org/api/v1/claims/5739ea06ced93de9.json. megatron-lm, model-parallelism, intra-layer-parallelism, large-language-models, distributed-training, 2019